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6
1<?php
2/**
3 * Classes used to send e-mails
4 *
5 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
6 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
7 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
8 * (at your option) any later version.
9 *
10 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
13 * GNU General Public License for more details.
14 *
15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
16 * with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
17 * 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
18 * http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html
19 *
20 * @file
21 * @author Brooke Vibber
22 * @author <mail@tgries.de>
23 * @author Tim Starling
24 * @author Luke Welling lwelling@wikimedia.org
25 */
26
27use MediaWiki\HookContainer\HookRunner;
28use MediaWiki\Mail\UserEmailContact;
29use MediaWiki\MainConfigNames;
30use MediaWiki\MediaWikiServices;
31use MediaWiki\Permissions\Authority;
32use MediaWiki\SpecialPage\SpecialPage;
33use MediaWiki\Title\Title;
34use MediaWiki\User\User;
35use MediaWiki\User\UserArray;
36use MediaWiki\User\UserIdentity;
37
38/**
39 * This module processes the email notifications when the current page is
40 * changed. It queries the `watchlist` table to find which users are watching
41 * that page.
42 *
43 * The current implementation sends independent emails to each watching user for
44 * the following reason:
45 *
46 * - Each watching user will be notified about the page edit time expressed in
47 * his/her local time (UTC is shown additionally). To achieve this, we need to
48 * find the individual timeoffset of each watching user from the preferences.
49 *
50 * Suggested improvement to reduce the number of sent emails: We could think
51 * of sending out bulk mails (bcc:user1,user2...) for all these users having the
52 * same timeoffset in their preferences.
53 *
54 * Visit the documentation pages under
55 * https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Watching_pages
56 *
57 * TODO use UserOptionsLookup and other services, consider converting this to a service
58 */
59class EmailNotification {
60
61    /**
62     * Notification is due to user's user talk being edited
63     */
64    private const USER_TALK = 'user_talk';
65    /**
66     * Notification is due to a watchlisted page being edited
67     */
68    private const WATCHLIST = 'watchlist';
69    /**
70     * Notification because user is notified for all changes
71     */
72    private const ALL_CHANGES = 'all_changes';
73
74    protected string $subject = '';
75
76    protected string $body = '';
77
78    protected ?MailAddress $replyto;
79
80    protected ?MailAddress $from;
81
82    protected ?string $timestamp;
83
84    protected string $summary = '';
85
86    protected ?bool $minorEdit;
87
88    /** @var int|null|bool */
89    protected $oldid;
90
91    protected bool $composed_common = false;
92
93    protected string $pageStatus = '';
94
95    /** @var MailAddress[] */
96    protected array $mailTargets = [];
97
98    protected Title $title;
99
100    protected User $editor;
101
102    /**
103     * Extensions that have hooks for
104     * UpdateUserMailerFormattedPageStatus (to provide additional
105     * pageStatus indicators) need a way to make sure that, when their
106     * hook is called in SendWatchlistemailNotification, they only
107     * handle notifications using their pageStatus indicator.
108     *
109     * @since 1.33
110     * @return string
111     */
112    public function getPageStatus() {
113        return $this->pageStatus;
114    }
115
116    /**
117     * Send emails corresponding to the user $editor editing the page $title.
118     *
119     * May be deferred via the job queue.
120     *
121     * @param Authority $editor
122     * @param Title $title
123     * @param string $timestamp
124     * @param string $summary
125     * @param bool $minorEdit
126     * @param bool $oldid (default: false)
127     * @param string $pageStatus (default: 'changed')
128     * @return bool Whether an email job was created or not.
129     * @since 1.35 returns a boolean indicating whether an email job was created.
130     */
131    public function notifyOnPageChange(
132        Authority $editor,
133        $title,
134        $timestamp,
135        $summary,
136        $minorEdit,
137        $oldid = false,
138        $pageStatus = 'changed'
139    ): bool {
140        if ( $title->getNamespace() < 0 ) {
141            return false;
142        }
143
144        $mwServices = MediaWikiServices::getInstance();
145        $config = $mwServices->getMainConfig();
146
147        // update wl_notificationtimestamp for watchers
148        $watchers = [];
149        if ( $config->get( MainConfigNames::EnotifWatchlist ) || $config->get( MainConfigNames::ShowUpdatedMarker ) ) {
150            $watchers = $mwServices->getWatchedItemStore()->updateNotificationTimestamp(
151                $editor->getUser(),
152                $title,
153                $timestamp
154            );
155        }
156
157        // Don't send email for bots
158        if ( $mwServices->getUserFactory()->newFromAuthority( $editor )->isBot() ) {
159            return false;
160        }
161
162        $sendEmail = true;
163        // $watchers deals with $wgEnotifWatchlist.
164        // If nobody is watching the page, and there are no users notified on all changes
165        // don't bother creating a job/trying to send emails, unless it's a
166        // talk page with an applicable notification.
167        if ( $watchers === [] &&
168            !count( $config->get( MainConfigNames::UsersNotifiedOnAllChanges ) )
169        ) {
170            $sendEmail = false;
171            // Only send notification for non minor edits, unless $wgEnotifMinorEdits
172            if ( !$minorEdit ||
173                ( $config->get( MainConfigNames::EnotifMinorEdits ) &&
174                    !$editor->isAllowed( 'nominornewtalk' ) )
175            ) {
176                if ( $config->get( MainConfigNames::EnotifUserTalk )
177                    && $title->getNamespace() === NS_USER_TALK
178                    && $this->canSendUserTalkEmail( $editor->getUser(), $title, $minorEdit )
179                ) {
180                    $sendEmail = true;
181                }
182            }
183        }
184
185        if ( $sendEmail ) {
186            $mwServices->getJobQueueGroup()->lazyPush( new EnotifNotifyJob(
187                $title,
188                [
189                    'editor' => $editor->getUser()->getName(),
190                    'editorID' => $editor->getUser()->getId(),
191                    'timestamp' => $timestamp,
192                    'summary' => $summary,
193                    'minorEdit' => $minorEdit,
194                    'oldid' => $oldid,
195                    'watchers' => $watchers,
196                    'pageStatus' => $pageStatus
197                ]
198            ) );
199        }
200
201        return $sendEmail;
202    }
203
204    /**
205     * Immediate version of notifyOnPageChange().
206     *
207     * Send emails corresponding to the user $editor editing the page $title.
208     *
209     * @note Do not call directly. Use notifyOnPageChange so that wl_notificationtimestamp is updated.
210     * @param Authority $editor
211     * @param Title $title
212     * @param string $timestamp Edit timestamp
213     * @param string $summary Edit summary
214     * @param bool $minorEdit
215     * @param int $oldid Revision ID
216     * @param array $watchers Array of user IDs
217     * @param string $pageStatus
218     */
219    public function actuallyNotifyOnPageChange(
220        Authority $editor,
221        $title,
222        $timestamp,
223        $summary,
224        $minorEdit,
225        $oldid,
226        $watchers,
227        $pageStatus = 'changed'
228    ) {
229        # we use $wgPasswordSender as sender's address
230
231        $mwServices = MediaWikiServices::getInstance();
232        $messageCache = $mwServices->getMessageCache();
233        $config = $mwServices->getMainConfig();
234
235        # The following code is only run, if several conditions are met:
236        # 1. EmailNotification for pages (other than user_talk pages) must be enabled
237        # 2. minor edits (changes) are only regarded if the global flag indicates so
238
239        $this->title = $title;
240        $this->timestamp = $timestamp;
241        $this->summary = $summary;
242        $this->minorEdit = $minorEdit;
243        $this->oldid = $oldid;
244        $this->editor = MediaWikiServices::getInstance()->getUserFactory()->newFromAuthority( $editor );
245        $this->composed_common = false;
246        $this->pageStatus = $pageStatus;
247
248        $formattedPageStatus = [ 'deleted', 'created', 'moved', 'restored', 'changed' ];
249
250        $hookRunner = new HookRunner( $mwServices->getHookContainer() );
251        $hookRunner->onUpdateUserMailerFormattedPageStatus( $formattedPageStatus );
252        if ( !in_array( $this->pageStatus, $formattedPageStatus ) ) {
253            throw new UnexpectedValueException( 'Not a valid page status!' );
254        }
255
256        $userTalkId = false;
257
258        if ( !$minorEdit ||
259            ( $config->get( MainConfigNames::EnotifMinorEdits ) &&
260                !$editor->isAllowed( 'nominornewtalk' ) )
261        ) {
262            if ( $config->get( MainConfigNames::EnotifUserTalk )
263                && $title->getNamespace() === NS_USER_TALK
264                && $this->canSendUserTalkEmail( $editor->getUser(), $title, $minorEdit )
265            ) {
266                $targetUser = User::newFromName( $title->getText() );
267                $this->compose( $targetUser, self::USER_TALK, $messageCache );
268                $userTalkId = $targetUser->getId();
269            }
270
271            if ( $config->get( MainConfigNames::EnotifWatchlist ) ) {
272                $userOptionsLookup = $mwServices->getUserOptionsLookup();
273                // Send updates to watchers other than the current editor
274                // and don't send to watchers who are blocked and cannot login
275                $userArray = UserArray::newFromIDs( $watchers );
276                foreach ( $userArray as $watchingUser ) {
277                    if ( $userOptionsLookup->getOption( $watchingUser, 'enotifwatchlistpages' )
278                        && ( !$minorEdit || $userOptionsLookup->getOption( $watchingUser, 'enotifminoredits' ) )
279                        && $watchingUser->isEmailConfirmed()
280                        && $watchingUser->getId() != $userTalkId
281                        && !in_array( $watchingUser->getName(),
282                            $config->get( MainConfigNames::UsersNotifiedOnAllChanges ) )
283                        // @TODO Partial blocks should not prevent the user from logging in.
284                        //       see: https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T208895
285                        && !( $config->get( MainConfigNames::BlockDisablesLogin ) &&
286                            $watchingUser->getBlock() )
287                        && $hookRunner->onSendWatchlistEmailNotification( $watchingUser, $title, $this )
288                    ) {
289                        $this->compose( $watchingUser, self::WATCHLIST, $messageCache );
290                    }
291                }
292            }
293        }
294
295        foreach ( $config->get( MainConfigNames::UsersNotifiedOnAllChanges ) as $name ) {
296            if ( $editor->getUser()->getName() == $name ) {
297                // No point notifying the user that actually made the change!
298                continue;
299            }
300            $user = User::newFromName( $name );
301            if ( $user instanceof User ) {
302                $this->compose( $user, self::ALL_CHANGES, $messageCache );
303            }
304        }
305        $this->sendMails();
306    }
307
308    /**
309     * @param UserIdentity $editor
310     * @param Title $title
311     * @param bool $minorEdit
312     * @return bool
313     */
314    private function canSendUserTalkEmail( UserIdentity $editor, $title, $minorEdit ) {
315        $services = MediaWikiServices::getInstance();
316        $config = $services->getMainConfig();
317
318        if ( !$config->get( MainConfigNames::EnotifUserTalk ) || $title->getNamespace() !== NS_USER_TALK ) {
319            return false;
320        }
321
322        $userOptionsLookup = $services->getUserOptionsLookup();
323        $targetUser = User::newFromName( $title->getText() );
324
325        if ( !$targetUser || $targetUser->isAnon() ) {
326            wfDebug( __METHOD__ . ": user talk page edited, but user does not exist" );
327        } elseif ( $targetUser->getId() == $editor->getId() ) {
328            wfDebug( __METHOD__ . ": user edited their own talk page, no notification sent" );
329        } elseif ( $targetUser->isTemp() ) {
330            wfDebug( __METHOD__ . ": talk page owner is a temporary user so doesn't have email" );
331        } elseif ( $config->get( MainConfigNames::BlockDisablesLogin ) &&
332            $targetUser->getBlock()
333        ) {
334            // @TODO Partial blocks should not prevent the user from logging in.
335            //       see: https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T208895
336            wfDebug( __METHOD__ . ": talk page owner is blocked and cannot login, no notification sent" );
337        } elseif ( $userOptionsLookup->getOption( $targetUser, 'enotifusertalkpages' )
338            && ( !$minorEdit || $userOptionsLookup->getOption( $targetUser, 'enotifminoredits' ) )
339        ) {
340            if ( !$targetUser->isEmailConfirmed() ) {
341                wfDebug( __METHOD__ . ": talk page owner doesn't have validated email" );
342            } elseif ( !( new HookRunner( $services->getHookContainer() ) )
343                ->onAbortTalkPageEmailNotification( $targetUser, $title )
344            ) {
345                wfDebug( __METHOD__ . ": talk page update notification is aborted for this user" );
346            } else {
347                wfDebug( __METHOD__ . ": sending talk page update notification" );
348                return true;
349            }
350        } else {
351            wfDebug( __METHOD__ . ": talk page owner doesn't want notifications" );
352        }
353        return false;
354    }
355
356    /**
357     * Generate the generic "this page has been changed" e-mail text.
358     * @param MessageCache $messageCache
359     */
360    private function composeCommonMailtext( MessageCache $messageCache ) {
361        $services = MediaWikiServices::getInstance();
362        $config = $services->getMainConfig();
363        $userOptionsLookup = $services->getUserOptionsLookup();
364
365        $this->composed_common = true;
366
367        # You as the WikiAdmin and Sysops can make use of plenty of
368        # named variables when composing your notification emails while
369        # simply editing the Meta pages
370
371        $keys = [];
372        $postTransformKeys = [];
373        $pageTitleUrl = $this->title->getCanonicalURL();
374        $pageTitle = $this->title->getPrefixedText();
375
376        if ( $this->oldid ) {
377            // Always show a link to the diff which triggered the mail. See T34210.
378            $keys['$NEWPAGE'] = "\n\n" . wfMessage(
379                    'enotif_lastdiff',
380                    $this->title->getCanonicalURL( [ 'diff' => 'next', 'oldid' => $this->oldid ] )
381                )->inContentLanguage()->text();
382
383            if ( !$config->get( MainConfigNames::EnotifImpersonal ) ) {
384                // For personal mail, also show a link to the diff of all changes
385                // since last visited.
386                $keys['$NEWPAGE'] .= "\n\n" . wfMessage(
387                        'enotif_lastvisited',
388                        $this->title->getCanonicalURL( [ 'diff' => '0', 'oldid' => $this->oldid ] )
389                    )->inContentLanguage()->text();
390            }
391            $keys['$OLDID'] = $this->oldid;
392            $keys['$PAGELOG'] = '';
393        } else {
394            // If there is no revision to link to, link to the page log, which should have details. See T115183.
395            $keys['$OLDID'] = '';
396            $keys['$NEWPAGE'] = '';
397            $keys['$PAGELOG'] = "\n\n" . wfMessage(
398                    'enotif_pagelog',
399                    SpecialPage::getTitleFor( 'Log' )->getCanonicalURL( [ 'page' => $this->title->getPrefixedDBkey() ] )
400                )->inContentLanguage()->text();
401
402        }
403
404        $keys['$PAGETITLE'] = $this->title->getPrefixedText();
405        $keys['$PAGETITLE_URL'] = $this->title->getCanonicalURL();
406        $keys['$PAGEMINOREDIT'] = $this->minorEdit ?
407            "\n\n" . wfMessage( 'enotif_minoredit' )->inContentLanguage()->text() :
408            '';
409        $keys['$UNWATCHURL'] = $this->title->getCanonicalURL( 'action=unwatch' );
410
411        if ( $this->editor->isAnon() ) {
412            # real anon (user:xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx)
413            $keys['$PAGEEDITOR'] = wfMessage( 'enotif_anon_editor', $this->editor->getName() )
414                ->inContentLanguage()->text();
415            $keys['$PAGEEDITOR_EMAIL'] = wfMessage( 'noemailtitle' )->inContentLanguage()->text();
416        } elseif ( $this->editor->isTemp() ) {
417            $keys['$PAGEEDITOR'] = wfMessage( 'enotif_temp_editor', $this->editor->getName() )
418                ->inContentLanguage()->text();
419            $keys['$PAGEEDITOR_EMAIL'] = wfMessage( 'noemailtitle' )->inContentLanguage()->text();
420        } else {
421            $keys['$PAGEEDITOR'] = $config->get( MainConfigNames::EnotifUseRealName ) &&
422                    $this->editor->getRealName() !== ''
423                ? $this->editor->getRealName() : $this->editor->getName();
424            $emailPage = SpecialPage::getSafeTitleFor( 'Emailuser', $this->editor->getName() );
425            $keys['$PAGEEDITOR_EMAIL'] = $emailPage->getCanonicalURL();
426        }
427
428        $keys['$PAGEEDITOR_WIKI'] = $this->editor->getUserPage()->getCanonicalURL();
429        $keys['$HELPPAGE'] = wfExpandUrl(
430            Skin::makeInternalOrExternalUrl( wfMessage( 'helppage' )->inContentLanguage()->text() )
431        );
432
433        # Replace this after transforming the message, T37019
434        $postTransformKeys['$PAGESUMMARY'] = $this->summary == '' ? ' - ' : $this->summary;
435
436        // Now build message's subject and body
437
438        // Messages:
439        // enotif_subject_deleted, enotif_subject_created, enotif_subject_moved,
440        // enotif_subject_restored, enotif_subject_changed
441        $this->subject = wfMessage( 'enotif_subject_' . $this->pageStatus )->inContentLanguage()
442            ->params( $pageTitle, $keys['$PAGEEDITOR'] )->text();
443
444        // Messages:
445        // enotif_body_intro_deleted, enotif_body_intro_created, enotif_body_intro_moved,
446        // enotif_body_intro_restored, enotif_body_intro_changed
447        $keys['$PAGEINTRO'] = wfMessage( 'enotif_body_intro_' . $this->pageStatus )
448            ->inContentLanguage()
449            ->params( $pageTitle, $keys['$PAGEEDITOR'], $pageTitleUrl )
450            ->text();
451
452        $body = wfMessage( 'enotif_body' )->inContentLanguage()->plain();
453        $body = strtr( $body, $keys );
454        $body = $messageCache->transform( $body, false, null, $this->title );
455        $this->body = wordwrap( strtr( $body, $postTransformKeys ), 72 );
456
457        # Reveal the page editor's address as REPLY-TO address only if
458        # the user has not opted-out and the option is enabled at the
459        # global configuration level.
460        $adminAddress = new MailAddress(
461            $config->get( MainConfigNames::PasswordSender ),
462            wfMessage( 'emailsender' )->inContentLanguage()->text()
463        );
464        if ( $config->get( MainConfigNames::EnotifRevealEditorAddress )
465            && ( $this->editor->getEmail() != '' )
466            && $userOptionsLookup->getOption( $this->editor, 'enotifrevealaddr' )
467        ) {
468            $editorAddress = MailAddress::newFromUser( $this->editor );
469            if ( $config->get( MainConfigNames::EnotifFromEditor ) ) {
470                $this->from = $editorAddress;
471            } else {
472                $this->from = $adminAddress;
473                $this->replyto = $editorAddress;
474            }
475        } else {
476            $this->from = $adminAddress;
477            $this->replyto = new MailAddress(
478                $config->get( MainConfigNames::NoReplyAddress )
479            );
480        }
481    }
482
483    /**
484     * Compose a mail to a given user and either queue it for sending, or send it now,
485     * depending on settings.
486     *
487     * Call sendMails() to send any mails that were queued.
488     * @param UserEmailContact $user
489     * @param string $source
490     * @param MessageCache $messageCache
491     */
492    private function compose( UserEmailContact $user, $source, MessageCache $messageCache ) {
493        if ( !$this->composed_common ) {
494            $this->composeCommonMailtext( $messageCache );
495        }
496
497        if ( MediaWikiServices::getInstance()->getMainConfig()->get( MainConfigNames::EnotifImpersonal ) ) {
498            $this->mailTargets[] = MailAddress::newFromUser( $user );
499        } else {
500            $this->sendPersonalised( $user, $source );
501        }
502    }
503
504    /**
505     * Send any queued mails
506     */
507    private function sendMails() {
508        if ( MediaWikiServices::getInstance()->getMainConfig()->get( MainConfigNames::EnotifImpersonal ) ) {
509            $this->sendImpersonal( $this->mailTargets );
510        }
511    }
512
513    /**
514     * Does the per-user customizations to a notification e-mail (name,
515     * timestamp in proper timezone, etc) and sends it out.
516     * Returns Status if email was sent successfully or not (Status::newGood()
517     * or Status::newFatal() respectively).
518     *
519     * @param UserEmailContact $watchingUser
520     * @param string $source
521     * @return StatusValue
522     */
523    private function sendPersonalised( UserEmailContact $watchingUser, $source ): StatusValue {
524        // From the PHP manual:
525        //   Note: The to parameter cannot be an address in the form of
526        //   "Something <someone@example.com>". The mail command will not parse
527        //   this properly while talking with the MTA.
528        $to = MailAddress::newFromUser( $watchingUser );
529
530        # $PAGEEDITDATE is the time and date of the page change
531        # expressed in terms of individual local time of the notification
532        # recipient, i.e. watching user
533        $mwServices = MediaWikiServices::getInstance();
534        $contLang = $mwServices->getContentLanguage();
535        $watchingUserName = (
536            $mwServices->getMainConfig()->get( MainConfigNames::EnotifUseRealName ) &&
537            $watchingUser->getRealName() !== ''
538        ) ? $watchingUser->getRealName() : $watchingUser->getUser()->getName();
539        $body = str_replace(
540            [
541                '$WATCHINGUSERNAME',
542                '$PAGEEDITDATE',
543                '$PAGEEDITTIME'
544            ],
545            [
546                $watchingUserName,
547                $contLang->userDate( $this->timestamp, $watchingUser->getUser() ),
548                $contLang->userTime( $this->timestamp, $watchingUser->getUser() )
549            ],
550            $this->body
551        );
552
553        $headers = [];
554        if ( $source === self::WATCHLIST ) {
555            $headers['List-Help'] = 'https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist';
556        }
557
558        return $mwServices
559            ->getEmailer()
560            ->send(
561                [ $to ],
562                $this->from,
563                $this->subject,
564                $body,
565                null,
566                [
567                    'replyTo' => $this->replyto,
568                    'headers' => $headers,
569                ]
570            );
571    }
572
573    /**
574     * Same as sendPersonalised but does impersonal mail suitable for bulk
575     * mailing.  Takes an array of MailAddress objects.
576     * @param MailAddress[] $addresses
577     * @return ?StatusValue
578     */
579    private function sendImpersonal( array $addresses ): ?StatusValue {
580        if ( count( $addresses ) === 0 ) {
581            return null;
582        }
583        $services = MediaWikiServices::getInstance();
584        $contLang = $services->getContentLanguage();
585        $body = str_replace(
586            [
587                '$WATCHINGUSERNAME',
588                '$PAGEEDITDATE',
589                '$PAGEEDITTIME'
590            ],
591            [
592                wfMessage( 'enotif_impersonal_salutation' )->inContentLanguage()->text(),
593                $contLang->date( $this->timestamp, false, false ),
594                $contLang->time( $this->timestamp, false, false )
595            ],
596            $this->body
597        );
598
599        return $services
600            ->getEmailer()
601            ->send(
602                $addresses,
603                $this->from,
604                $this->subject,
605                $body,
606                null,
607                [
608                    'replyTo' => $this->replyto,
609                ]
610            );
611    }
612
613}