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| 1 | <?php |
| 2 | /** |
| 3 | * Copyright 2010 Trevor Parscal <tparscal@wikimedia.org> |
| 4 | * |
| 5 | * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); |
| 6 | * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. |
| 7 | * You may obtain a copy of the License at |
| 8 | * |
| 9 | * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 |
| 10 | * |
| 11 | * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software |
| 12 | * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, |
| 13 | * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. |
| 14 | * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and |
| 15 | * limitations under the License. |
| 16 | * |
| 17 | * @file |
| 18 | * @license Apache-2.0 |
| 19 | */ |
| 20 | |
| 21 | namespace Wikimedia\Minify; |
| 22 | |
| 23 | use Net_URL2; |
| 24 | |
| 25 | /** |
| 26 | * Transforms CSS data. |
| 27 | * |
| 28 | * This class provides minification, URL remapping, URL extracting, and data-URL embedding. |
| 29 | */ |
| 30 | class CSSMin { |
| 31 | |
| 32 | /** |
| 33 | * Strip marker for comments |
| 34 | */ |
| 35 | private const PLACEHOLDER = "\x7fPLACEHOLDER\x7f"; |
| 36 | |
| 37 | /** |
| 38 | * Maximum file size to embed in a stylesheet. |
| 39 | * |
| 40 | * Use of `@embed` is generally discouraged (see T121730, T118514, and T120984). |
| 41 | * |
| 42 | * In a nut shell: Stylesheets, and thus any images we embed inside of them, |
| 43 | * are required to be fully downloaded by a browser before literally any content |
| 44 | * or interface component can be rendered on-screen. Embedding an image means |
| 45 | * you are saying it is more important to render this image than to render the |
| 46 | * page content (or that it is undesirable to render even the first paragraph |
| 47 | * of an article unless this image is also immediately there in the first paint). |
| 48 | * |
| 49 | * There are some cases where a small image can be worth embedding, for example |
| 50 | * if the image's file size is comparable or smaller than to size of the URL from |
| 51 | * which it would be lazy-loaded when CSS rules are applied. In that case, embedding |
| 52 | * the file content in place of the web address could be an uncompromising win for |
| 53 | * all users. |
| 54 | * |
| 55 | * To avoid mistakes and protect performance we put an arbitrary limit on this. |
| 56 | * If a file is larger than this limit, it should probably be loaded using the |
| 57 | * default CSS behaviour (by URL, without `@embed` instruction), or embedded as |
| 58 | * SVG directly in the HTML response if it is such a vital part of the page. |
| 59 | * |
| 60 | * See encodeImageAsDataURI(). |
| 61 | */ |
| 62 | private const DATA_URI_SIZE_LIMIT = 32768; |
| 63 | |
| 64 | private const EMBED_REGEX = '\/\*\s*\@embed\s*\*\/'; |
| 65 | private const COMMENT_REGEX = '\/\*.*?\*\/'; |
| 66 | |
| 67 | /** |
| 68 | * List of common image files extensions and MIME-types |
| 69 | */ |
| 70 | private const MIME_TYPES = [ |
| 71 | 'gif' => 'image/gif', |
| 72 | 'jpe' => 'image/jpeg', |
| 73 | 'jpeg' => 'image/jpeg', |
| 74 | 'jpg' => 'image/jpeg', |
| 75 | 'png' => 'image/png', |
| 76 | 'tif' => 'image/tiff', |
| 77 | 'tiff' => 'image/tiff', |
| 78 | 'xbm' => 'image/x-xbitmap', |
| 79 | 'svg' => 'image/svg+xml', |
| 80 | ]; |
| 81 | |
| 82 | /** |
| 83 | * Get a list of local files referenced in a stylesheet (includes non-existent files). |
| 84 | * |
| 85 | * @param string $source CSS stylesheet source to process |
| 86 | * @param string $path File path where the source was read from |
| 87 | * @return string[] List of local file references |
| 88 | */ |
| 89 | public static function getLocalFileReferences( $source, $path ) { |
| 90 | $stripped = preg_replace( '/' . self::COMMENT_REGEX . '/s', '', $source ); |
| 91 | $path = rtrim( $path, '/' ) . '/'; |
| 92 | $files = []; |
| 93 | |
| 94 | $rFlags = PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE | PREG_SET_ORDER; |
| 95 | if ( preg_match_all( '/' . self::getUrlRegex() . '/J', $stripped, $matches, $rFlags ) ) { |
| 96 | foreach ( $matches as $match ) { |
| 97 | $url = $match['file'][0]; |
| 98 | |
| 99 | // Skip fully-qualified and protocol-relative URLs and data URIs |
| 100 | if ( |
| 101 | strpos( $url, '//' ) === 0 || |
| 102 | parse_url( $url, PHP_URL_SCHEME ) |
| 103 | ) { |
| 104 | break; |
| 105 | } |
| 106 | |
| 107 | // Strip trailing anchors - T115436 |
| 108 | $anchor = strpos( $url, '#' ); |
| 109 | if ( $anchor !== false ) { |
| 110 | $url = substr( $url, 0, $anchor ); |
| 111 | |
| 112 | // '#some-anchors' is not a file |
| 113 | if ( $url === '' ) { |
| 114 | break; |
| 115 | } |
| 116 | } |
| 117 | |
| 118 | $files[] = $path . $url; |
| 119 | } |
| 120 | } |
| 121 | return $files; |
| 122 | } |
| 123 | |
| 124 | /** |
| 125 | * Encode an image file as a data URI. |
| 126 | * |
| 127 | * If the image file has a suitable MIME type and size, encode it as a data URI, base64-encoded |
| 128 | * for binary files or just percent-encoded otherwise. Return false if the image type is |
| 129 | * unfamiliar or file exceeds the size limit. |
| 130 | * |
| 131 | * @param string $file Image file to encode. |
| 132 | * @param string|null $type File's MIME type or null. If null, CSSMin will |
| 133 | * try to autodetect the type. |
| 134 | * @return string|false Image contents encoded as a data URI or false. |
| 135 | */ |
| 136 | public static function encodeImageAsDataURI( $file, $type = null ) { |
| 137 | // Fast-fail for files that exceed the maximum data URI length |
| 138 | if ( filesize( $file ) >= self::DATA_URI_SIZE_LIMIT ) { |
| 139 | trigger_error( "File exceeds limit for embedded files: $file", E_USER_WARNING ); |
| 140 | return false; |
| 141 | } |
| 142 | |
| 143 | if ( $type === null ) { |
| 144 | $type = self::getMimeType( $file ); |
| 145 | } |
| 146 | if ( !$type ) { |
| 147 | return false; |
| 148 | } |
| 149 | |
| 150 | return self::encodeStringAsDataURI( file_get_contents( $file ), $type ); |
| 151 | } |
| 152 | |
| 153 | /** |
| 154 | * Encode file contents as a data URI with chosen MIME type. |
| 155 | * |
| 156 | * The URI will be base64-encoded for binary files or just percent-encoded otherwise. |
| 157 | * |
| 158 | * @since 2.0.0 |
| 159 | * @param string $contents File contents to encode. |
| 160 | * @param string $type File's MIME type. |
| 161 | * @return string Image contents encoded as a data URI or false. |
| 162 | */ |
| 163 | public static function encodeStringAsDataURI( $contents, $type ) { |
| 164 | // Try #1: Non-encoded data URI |
| 165 | // Remove XML declaration, it's not needed with data URI usage |
| 166 | $contents = preg_replace( "/<\\?xml.*?\\?>/", '', $contents ); |
| 167 | // The regular expression matches ASCII whitespace and printable characters. |
| 168 | if ( preg_match( '/^[\r\n\t\x20-\x7e]+$/', $contents ) ) { |
| 169 | // Do not base64-encode non-binary files (sensible SVGs). |
| 170 | // (This often produces longer URLs, but they compress better, yielding a net smaller size.) |
| 171 | $encoded = rawurlencode( $contents ); |
| 172 | // Unencode some things that don't need to be encoded, to make the encoding smaller |
| 173 | $encoded = strtr( $encoded, [ |
| 174 | '%20' => ' ', // Unencode spaces |
| 175 | '%2F' => '/', // Unencode slashes |
| 176 | '%3A' => ':', // Unencode colons |
| 177 | '%3D' => '=', // Unencode equals signs |
| 178 | '%0A' => ' ', // Change newlines to spaces |
| 179 | '%0D' => ' ', // Change carriage returns to spaces |
| 180 | '%09' => ' ', // Change tabs to spaces |
| 181 | ] ); |
| 182 | // Consolidate runs of multiple spaces in a row |
| 183 | $encoded = preg_replace( '/ {2,}/', ' ', $encoded ); |
| 184 | // Remove leading and trailing spaces |
| 185 | $encoded = trim( $encoded, ' ' ); |
| 186 | return 'data:' . $type . ',' . $encoded; |
| 187 | } |
| 188 | |
| 189 | // Try #2: Encoded data URI |
| 190 | return 'data:' . $type . ';base64,' . base64_encode( $contents ); |
| 191 | } |
| 192 | |
| 193 | /** |
| 194 | * Serialize a string (escape and quote) for use as a CSS string value. |
| 195 | * https://drafts.csswg.org/cssom/#serialize-a-string |
| 196 | * |
| 197 | * @param string $value |
| 198 | * @return string |
| 199 | */ |
| 200 | public static function serializeStringValue( $value ) { |
| 201 | $value = strtr( $value, [ "\0" => "\u{FFFD}", '\\' => '\\\\', '"' => '\\"' ] ); |
| 202 | $value = preg_replace_callback( '/[\x01-\x1f\x7f]/', static function ( $match ) { |
| 203 | return '\\' . base_convert( (string)ord( $match[0] ), 10, 16 ) . ' '; |
| 204 | }, $value ); |
| 205 | return '"' . $value . '"'; |
| 206 | } |
| 207 | |
| 208 | /** |
| 209 | * @param string $file |
| 210 | * @return bool|string |
| 211 | */ |
| 212 | public static function getMimeType( $file ) { |
| 213 | // Infer the MIME-type from the file extension |
| 214 | $ext = strtolower( pathinfo( $file, PATHINFO_EXTENSION ) ); |
| 215 | return self::MIME_TYPES[$ext] ?? mime_content_type( realpath( $file ) ); |
| 216 | } |
| 217 | |
| 218 | /** |
| 219 | * Build a CSS 'url()' value for the given URL, quoting parentheses (and other funny characters) |
| 220 | * and escaping quotes as necessary. |
| 221 | * |
| 222 | * See http://www.w3.org/TR/css-syntax-3/#consume-a-url-token |
| 223 | * |
| 224 | * @param string $url URL to process |
| 225 | * @return string 'url()' value, usually just `"url($url)"`, quoted/escaped if necessary |
| 226 | */ |
| 227 | public static function buildUrlValue( $url ) { |
| 228 | // The list below has been crafted to match URLs such as: |
| 229 | // scheme://user@domain:port/~user/fi%20le.png?query=yes&really=y+s |
| 230 | // data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlh/+== |
| 231 | if ( preg_match( '!^[\w:@/~.%+;,?&=-]+$!', $url ) ) { |
| 232 | return "url($url)"; |
| 233 | } else { |
| 234 | return 'url("' . strtr( $url, [ '\\' => '\\\\', '"' => '\\"' ] ) . '")'; |
| 235 | } |
| 236 | } |
| 237 | |
| 238 | /** |
| 239 | * Remaps CSS URL paths and automatically embeds data URIs for CSS rules |
| 240 | * or url() values preceded by an `/ * @embed * /` comment. |
| 241 | * |
| 242 | * @param string $source CSS data to remap |
| 243 | * @param string $local File path where the source was read from |
| 244 | * @param string $remote Full URL to the file's directory (may be protocol-relative, trailing slash is optional) |
| 245 | * @param bool $embedData If false, never do any data URI embedding, |
| 246 | * even if `/ * @embed * /` is found. |
| 247 | * @return string Remapped CSS data |
| 248 | */ |
| 249 | public static function remap( $source, $local, $remote, $embedData = true ) { |
| 250 | // High-level overview: |
| 251 | // * For each CSS rule in $source that includes at least one url() value: |
| 252 | // * Check for an @embed comment at the start indicating that all URIs should be embedded |
| 253 | // * For each url() value: |
| 254 | // * Check for an @embed comment directly preceding the value |
| 255 | // * If either @embed comment exists: |
| 256 | // * Embedding the URL as data: URI, if it's possible / allowed |
| 257 | // * Otherwise remap the URL to work in generated stylesheets |
| 258 | |
| 259 | // Guard against trailing slashes, because "some/remote/../foo.png" |
| 260 | // resolves to "some/remote/foo.png" on (some?) clients (T29052). |
| 261 | // But, don't turn "/" into "" since that is invalid as base URL (T282280). |
| 262 | $remote = $remote === '/' ? $remote : rtrim( $remote, '/' ); |
| 263 | |
| 264 | // Disallow U+007F DELETE, which is illegal anyway, and which |
| 265 | // we use for comment placeholders. |
| 266 | $source = strtr( $source, "\x7f", "?" ); |
| 267 | |
| 268 | // Replace all comments by a placeholder so they will not interfere with the remapping. |
| 269 | // Warning: This will also catch on anything looking like the start of a comment between |
| 270 | // quotation marks (e.g. "foo /* bar"). |
| 271 | $comments = []; |
| 272 | |
| 273 | $pattern = '/(?!' . self::EMBED_REGEX . ')(' . self::COMMENT_REGEX . ')/s'; |
| 274 | |
| 275 | $source = preg_replace_callback( |
| 276 | $pattern, |
| 277 | static function ( $match ) use ( &$comments ) { |
| 278 | $comments[] = $match[ 0 ]; |
| 279 | return self::PLACEHOLDER . ( count( $comments ) - 1 ) . 'x'; |
| 280 | }, |
| 281 | $source |
| 282 | ); |
| 283 | |
| 284 | // Note: This will not correctly handle cases where ';', '{' or '}' |
| 285 | // appears in the rule itself, e.g. in a quoted string. You are advised |
| 286 | // not to use such characters in file names. We also match start/end of |
| 287 | // the string to be consistent in edge-cases ('@import url(…)'). |
| 288 | $pattern = '/(?:^|[;{])\K[^;{}]*' . self::getUrlRegex() . '[^;}]*(?=[;}]|$)/J'; |
| 289 | |
| 290 | $source = preg_replace_callback( |
| 291 | $pattern, |
| 292 | static function ( $matchOuter ) use ( $local, $remote, $embedData ) { |
| 293 | $rule = $matchOuter[0]; |
| 294 | |
| 295 | // Check for global @embed comment and remove it. Allow other comments to be present |
| 296 | // before @embed (they have been replaced with placeholders at this point). |
| 297 | $embedAll = false; |
| 298 | $rule = preg_replace( |
| 299 | '/^((?:\s+|' . |
| 300 | self::PLACEHOLDER . |
| 301 | '(\d+)x)*)' . |
| 302 | self::EMBED_REGEX . |
| 303 | '\s*/', |
| 304 | '$1', |
| 305 | $rule, |
| 306 | 1, |
| 307 | $embedAll |
| 308 | ); |
| 309 | |
| 310 | // Build two versions of current rule: with remapped URLs |
| 311 | // and with embedded data: URIs (where possible). |
| 312 | $pattern = '/(?P<embed>' . self::EMBED_REGEX . '\s*|)' . self::getUrlRegex() . '/J'; |
| 313 | |
| 314 | return preg_replace_callback( |
| 315 | $pattern, |
| 316 | static function ( $match ) use ( $local, $remote, $embedData, $embedAll ) { |
| 317 | // For each url reference in the CSS, call remapOne() |
| 318 | // to insert either a remapped URL or an embedded data URI. |
| 319 | // We enable use of data URIs if both of these are true: |
| 320 | // 1. The PHP caller enabled the option, |
| 321 | // 2. and, the CSS declared `@embed` either above the rule |
| 322 | // for all URLs inside that block, or above the individual |
| 323 | // property for that one property. |
| 324 | $embedOne = $embedData && ( $embedAll || $match['embed'] ); |
| 325 | $remapped = self::remapOne( |
| 326 | $match['file'], |
| 327 | $match['query'], |
| 328 | $local, |
| 329 | $remote, |
| 330 | $embedOne |
| 331 | ); |
| 332 | return self::buildUrlValue( $remapped ); |
| 333 | }, |
| 334 | $rule |
| 335 | ); |
| 336 | }, $source ); |
| 337 | |
| 338 | // Re-insert comments |
| 339 | $pattern = '/' . self::PLACEHOLDER . '(\d+)x/'; |
| 340 | return preg_replace_callback( $pattern, static function ( $match ) use ( &$comments ) { |
| 341 | return $comments[ $match[1] ]; |
| 342 | }, $source ); |
| 343 | } |
| 344 | |
| 345 | /** |
| 346 | * Is this CSS rule referencing a remote URL? |
| 347 | * |
| 348 | * @param string $maybeUrl |
| 349 | * @return bool |
| 350 | */ |
| 351 | protected static function isRemoteUrl( $maybeUrl ) { |
| 352 | return strpos( $maybeUrl, '//' ) === 0 || parse_url( $maybeUrl, PHP_URL_SCHEME ); |
| 353 | } |
| 354 | |
| 355 | /** |
| 356 | * Is this CSS rule referencing a local URL? |
| 357 | * |
| 358 | * @param string $maybeUrl |
| 359 | * @return bool |
| 360 | */ |
| 361 | protected static function isLocalUrl( $maybeUrl ) { |
| 362 | // Accept "/" (known local) |
| 363 | // Accept "/anything" (known local) |
| 364 | // Reject "//anything" (known remote) |
| 365 | // Reject "" (invalid/uncertain) |
| 366 | return $maybeUrl === '/' || ( isset( $maybeUrl[1] ) && $maybeUrl[0] === '/' && $maybeUrl[1] !== '/' ); |
| 367 | } |
| 368 | |
| 369 | /** |
| 370 | * @codeCoverageIgnore |
| 371 | * @return string |
| 372 | */ |
| 373 | private static function getUrlRegex() { |
| 374 | static $urlRegex; |
| 375 | if ( $urlRegex === null ) { |
| 376 | $urlRegex = '(' . |
| 377 | // Unquoted url |
| 378 | 'url\(\s*(?P<file>[^\s\'"][^\?\)]+?)(?P<query>\?[^\)]*?|)\s*\)' . |
| 379 | // Single quoted url |
| 380 | '|url\(\s*\'(?P<file>[^\?\']+?)(?P<query>\?[^\']*?|)\'\s*\)' . |
| 381 | // Double quoted url |
| 382 | '|url\(\s*"(?P<file>[^\?"]+?)(?P<query>\?[^"]*?|)"\s*\)' . |
| 383 | ')'; |
| 384 | } |
| 385 | return $urlRegex; |
| 386 | } |
| 387 | |
| 388 | /** |
| 389 | * Resolve a possibly-relative URL against a base URL. |
| 390 | * |
| 391 | * @param string $base |
| 392 | * @param string $url |
| 393 | * @return string |
| 394 | */ |
| 395 | private static function resolveUrl( string $base, string $url ): string { |
| 396 | // Net_URL2::resolve() doesn't allow for resolving against server-less URLs. |
| 397 | // We need this as for MediaWiki/ResourceLoader, the remote base path may either |
| 398 | // be separate (e.g. a separate domain), or simply local (like "/w"). In the |
| 399 | // local case, we don't want to needlessly include the server in the output. |
| 400 | $isServerless = self::isLocalUrl( $base ); |
| 401 | if ( $isServerless ) { |
| 402 | $base = "https://placeholder.invalid$base"; |
| 403 | } |
| 404 | // Net_URL2::resolve() doesn't allow for protocol-relative URLs, but we want to. |
| 405 | $isProtoRelative = strpos( $base, '//' ) === 0; |
| 406 | if ( $isProtoRelative ) { |
| 407 | $base = "https:$base"; |
| 408 | } |
| 409 | |
| 410 | $baseUrl = new Net_URL2( $base ); |
| 411 | $ret = $baseUrl->resolve( $url ); |
| 412 | if ( $isProtoRelative ) { |
| 413 | $ret->setScheme( false ); |
| 414 | } |
| 415 | if ( $isServerless ) { |
| 416 | $ret->setScheme( false ); |
| 417 | $ret->setHost( false ); |
| 418 | } |
| 419 | return $ret->getURL(); |
| 420 | } |
| 421 | |
| 422 | /** |
| 423 | * Remap or embed a CSS URL path. |
| 424 | * |
| 425 | * @param string $file URL to remap/embed |
| 426 | * @param string $query |
| 427 | * @param string $local File path where the source was read from |
| 428 | * @param string $remote Full URL to the file's directory (may be protocol-relative, trailing slash is optional) |
| 429 | * @param bool $embed Whether to do any data URI embedding |
| 430 | * @return string Remapped/embedded URL data |
| 431 | */ |
| 432 | public static function remapOne( $file, $query, $local, $remote, $embed ) { |
| 433 | // The full URL possibly with query, as passed to the 'url()' value in CSS |
| 434 | $url = $file . $query; |
| 435 | |
| 436 | // Expand local URLs with absolute paths to a full URL (possibly protocol-relative). |
| 437 | if ( self::isLocalUrl( $url ) ) { |
| 438 | return self::resolveUrl( $remote, $url ); |
| 439 | } |
| 440 | |
| 441 | // Pass through fully-qualified and protocol-relative URLs and data URIs, as well as local URLs if |
| 442 | // we can't expand them. |
| 443 | // Also skips anchors or the rare `behavior` property specifying application's default behavior |
| 444 | if ( |
| 445 | self::isRemoteUrl( $url ) || |
| 446 | ( $url[0] ?? '' ) === '#' |
| 447 | ) { |
| 448 | return $url; |
| 449 | } |
| 450 | |
| 451 | // The $remote must have a trailing slash beyond this point for correct path resolution. |
| 452 | if ( ( $remote[-1] ?? '' ) !== '/' ) { |
| 453 | $remote .= '/'; |
| 454 | } |
| 455 | |
| 456 | if ( $local === false ) { |
| 457 | // CSS specifies a path that is neither a local file path, nor a local URL. |
| 458 | // It is probably already a fully-qualitied URL or data URI, but try to expand |
| 459 | // it just in case. |
| 460 | $url = self::resolveUrl( $remote, $url ); |
| 461 | } else { |
| 462 | // We drop the query part here and instead make the path relative to $remote |
| 463 | $url = self::resolveUrl( $remote, $file ); |
| 464 | // Path to the actual file on the filesystem |
| 465 | $localFile = "{$local}/{$file}"; |
| 466 | if ( file_exists( $localFile ) ) { |
| 467 | if ( $embed ) { |
| 468 | $data = self::encodeImageAsDataURI( $localFile ); |
| 469 | if ( $data !== false ) { |
| 470 | return $data; |
| 471 | } |
| 472 | } |
| 473 | // Add version parameter as the first five hex digits |
| 474 | // of the MD5 hash of the file's contents. |
| 475 | $url .= '?' . substr( md5_file( $localFile ), 0, 5 ); |
| 476 | } |
| 477 | // If any of these conditions failed (file missing, we don't want to embed it |
| 478 | // or it's not embeddable), return the URL (possibly with ?timestamp part) |
| 479 | } |
| 480 | return $url; |
| 481 | } |
| 482 | |
| 483 | /** |
| 484 | * Removes whitespace from CSS data |
| 485 | * |
| 486 | * @param string $css CSS data to minify |
| 487 | * @return string Minified CSS data |
| 488 | */ |
| 489 | public static function minify( $css ) { |
| 490 | return trim( |
| 491 | str_replace( |
| 492 | [ '; ', ': ', ' {', '{ ', ', ', '} ', ';}', '( ', ' )', '[ ', ' ]' ], |
| 493 | [ ';', ':', '{', '{', ',', '}', '}', '(', ')', '[', ']' ], |
| 494 | preg_replace( [ '/\s+/', '/\/\*.*?\*\//s' ], [ ' ', '' ], $css ) |
| 495 | ) |
| 496 | ); |
| 497 | } |
| 498 | } |
| 499 | |
| 500 | /** |
| 501 | * @deprecated since 2.1.0 Use Wikimedia\Minify\CSSMin instead |
| 502 | */ |
| 503 | class_alias( CSSMin::class, 'CSSMin' ); |