Skip to content
On this page

Checkbox

A Checkbox is a binary input that can appear by itself or in a multiselect group. Checkboxes can be selected, unselected or in an indeterminate state.

Guidelines

Using checkboxes

Checkboxes must feature a descriptive label. They may appear alone or as a part of a group. A checkbox may also have sub-options or child checkboxes.

Use the Checkbox component when you want users to make one or more selections from a list of options. A checkbox can also be used to accept terms and conditions. Avoid using checkboxes when only one selection is allowed; in such cases, use Radio instead.

Example of a group of two Codex Checkboxes.

Specifications

Specification of Checkbox.

  1. Checkbox
    The checkbox’s input makes the selection visually distinct.
  2. Label
    The label text size should match the base font size to ensure consistency with the body text. It can also include links and bold text. Labels should be short, with text that clearly states what action is selected.

Refer to the Checkbox component in Codex Figma.

Interaction states

The styles for checkbox states were designed with accessible color variations. In addition to the 'check' icon, these make the checkboxes’ selected or unselected states (e.g. disabled, hover, active) easier to perceive:

Interaction states of the Checkbox component for both unselected and selected states: default, hover, active, focus, error, error-hover, error-active, error-focus, and disabled.

  1. Default unselected
  2. Hover unselected
  3. Active unselected
  4. Focus unselected
  5. Error unselected
  6. Error-hover unselected
  7. Error-active unselected
  8. Error-focus unselected
  9. Default selected
  10. Hover selected
  11. Active selected
  12. Focus selected
  13. Error selected
  14. Error-hover selected
  15. Error-active selected
  16. Error-focus selected
  17. Default indeterminate
  18. Disabled unselected
  19. Disabled selected
  20. Disabled indeterminate

The error checkbox must always be accompanied by an inline error message,whether for a group or an individual checkbox. This message ensures users are informed about the error and provides guidance to fix it.

Example of accompanying inline error messages on Checkboxes in error state.

Accessibility note

The disabled state does not meet our minimum color contrast rules. WCAG 2.1 states that “…part[s] of an inactive user interface component […] have no contrast requirement”. [1] Provide sufficient information in a disabled element's context, so the user can understand what is disabled and how to enable it (if applicable).

Indeterminate state

In addition to selected and unselected, a checkbox can be in an indeterminate state. This state uses the 'subtract' icon. It is common for checkboxes to present a number of sub-options (which are also checkboxes). If all of the sub-options are checked, the main checkbox will also be checked, and if they're all unchecked, the main checkbox would be unchecked. If any one or more of the sub-options have a different state than the others, the main checkbox would present an indeterminate state. [2]

One checkbox group with all items selected and another with an indeterminate state due to incomplete item selection.

References

  1. Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1 – Success Criterion 1.4.3 Contrast (Minimum)
  2. MDN: <input type="checkbox"> Indeterminate state checkboxes

Demos

Open up the browser console to see events emitted on input.

Configurable

NameValue
Props
status
disabled
indeterminate
View
Reading direction

Single checkbox with label and description

Always include label text via the default slot. You can also add description text via the #description slot.

A single checkbox does not need an inputValue prop. v-model is bound to a boolean value: true for checked, false for unchecked.

Checkbox value: false

This improves privacy and helps prevent unsolicited emails.
NameValue
View
Reading direction

Form field

When used in a form, a single Checkbox or group of Checkboxes can be wrapped in the Field component to add features like a semantic label, description and help text, validation messages, and more. See the Field page for more information.

When building a Checkbox field, always set isFieldset to true, even for a single Checkbox, to ensure accessibility support. This wraps the group in a <fieldset> element and labels it with an associated <legend>.

If using a Checkbox or Checkbox group outside of a form, follow the instructions in the next demo.

Checkbox group

For a group of related checkboxes, each Checkbox component's v-model will be bound to an array of the inputValue props of the checkboxes that are currently "on".

This demo shows what to do when using a Checkbox group outside of a form:

  1. Wrap the group in an element with role="group"
  2. Connect the group with a label via the aria-labelledby attribute

Checkbox group value: [ "checkbox-2", "checkbox-6" ]

Inline checkboxes

Use the inline prop to get an inline layout.

Indeterminate state

The indeterminate state indicates that a checkbox is neither on nor off. Within this component, this state is purely visual. The parent component must house the logic to set a checkbox to the indeterminate state via this prop (e.g. in the case of a set of nested checkboxes where some boxes are checked and some are not, making the parent checkbox neither fully on nor fully off).

This prop is independent of the value provided by v-model. If indeterminate is set to true, the indeterminate visual state will display, but the value will not be affected. Nor will the value affect the visual state: indeterminate overrides the checked and unchecked visual states. If indeterminate changes to false, the visual state will reflect the current v-model value.

In the example below, all of the checkboxes have their indeterminate prop set to true initially. As a result, they all appear to be in the indeterminate state initially, whether they are checked or not. Checking or unchecking a checkbox will undo the indeterminate state since you have provided a definite value for the checkbox.

Checkbox group value: [ "checkbox-2", "checkbox-4" ]

Indeterminate checkbox demos

Vue usage

Typical use of this component will involve using v-for to loop through an array of items and output a Checkbox component for each one. Each Checkbox will have the same v-model prop, but different inputValue props and label content.

For a single checkbox, the v-model value will be a boolean true when the checkbox is checked and false when unchecked.

For multiple checkboxes, the v-model value will be an array of the inputValue props of any currently checked checkboxes (or an empty array if no checkboxes are checked).

Props

Prop nameDescriptionTypeValuesDefault
modelValueValue of the checkbox or checkbox group.

Provided by v-model binding in the parent component.
boolean|string[]|number[]-false
inputValueHTML "value" attribute to assign to the input.

Required for input groups.
string|number|boolean-false
disabledWhether the disabled attribute should be added to the input.boolean-false
indeterminateWhether the indeterminate visual state should be displayed.

This is unrelated to the value provided by v-model, and the indeterminate visual state will override the checked or unchecked visual state.
boolean-false
inlineWhether the component should display inline.

By default, display: block is set and a margin exists between sibling components, for a stacked layout.
boolean-false
statusstatus attribute of the checkbox.ValidationStatusType'default', 'error''default'

Events

Event namePropertiesDescription
update:modelValuemodelValue boolean|string[]|number[] - The new model valueEmitted when modelValue changes.

Slots

NameDescriptionBindings
defaultLabel text.
descriptionShort description text.

CSS-only version

Markup structure

The structure below can be used for most cases. If you need a description, see the section on that feature below.

With description

To add a description below the label:

  • Add a span after the <label> element with an ID and class cdx-label__description. Include the description text here.
  • Add class cdx-label__label to the <label> element
  • Wrap the label and description in a div with classes cdx-checkbox__label and cdx-label
  • Add an aria-describedby attribute to the <input> element with the value of the ID of the description
This improves privacy and helps prevent unsolicited emails.

Checkbox group

Native attributes of the <input> element can be used. For example:

  • Add the checked attribute to the <input> element if it should be selected initially.
  • Add the disabled attribute to the <input> element if it should be disabled.

Note that indeterminate is not supported in the CSS-only version since it cannot be set without JavaScript.

Always include one of these two features for accessible grouping:

  1. If using the Checkbox group in a field, wrap the group in a <fieldset> element and add a <legend> element with the group label. This method is demonstrated below and requires some style resets on <fieldset> and <legend>. You can use the CSS-only Field and Label components to reset browser styles of these elements.
  2. If using the Checkbox group outside of a field, wrap the group in a <div> with role="group" and aria-labelledby set to the ID of the group label. See an example of this above (you can just include a <label> element instead of using the Label component).
CSS-only Checkbox group demo

Inline checkboxes

Add the cdx-checkbox--inline class to the root element to get an inline layout.