DatabaseBlockStore.php

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<?php
namespace MediaWiki\Block;
 
use InvalidArgumentException;
use MediaWiki\CommentStore\CommentStore;
use MediaWiki\Config\ServiceOptions;
use MediaWiki\Deferred\AutoCommitUpdate;
use MediaWiki\Deferred\DeferredUpdates;
use MediaWiki\HookContainer\HookContainer;
use MediaWiki\HookContainer\HookRunner;
use MediaWiki\MainConfigNames;
use MediaWiki\Session\SessionManagerInterface;
use MediaWiki\User\ActorStoreFactory;
use MediaWiki\User\TempUser\TempUserConfig;
use MediaWiki\User\UserFactory;
use MediaWiki\User\UserIdentity;
use Psr\Log\LoggerInterface;
use RuntimeException;
use stdClass;
use Wikimedia\IPUtils;
use Wikimedia\Rdbms\IConnectionProvider;
use Wikimedia\Rdbms\IDatabase;
use Wikimedia\Rdbms\IExpression;
use Wikimedia\Rdbms\IReadableDatabase;
use Wikimedia\Rdbms\IResultWrapper;
use Wikimedia\Rdbms\LikeValue;
use Wikimedia\Rdbms\RawSQLExpression;
use Wikimedia\Rdbms\RawSQLValue;
use Wikimedia\Rdbms\ReadOnlyMode;
use Wikimedia\Rdbms\SelectQueryBuilder;
use Wikimedia\Timestamp\TimestampFormat as TS;
use function array_key_exists;
 
class DatabaseBlockStore {
    public const AUTO_ALL = 'all';
    public const AUTO_SPECIFIED = 'specified';
    public const AUTO_NONE = 'none';
 
    public const CONSTRUCTOR_OPTIONS = [
        MainConfigNames::AutoblockExpiry,
        MainConfigNames::BlockCIDRLimit,
        MainConfigNames::BlockDisablesLogin,
        MainConfigNames::PutIPinRC,
        MainConfigNames::UpdateRowsPerQuery,
    ];
 
    private string|false $wikiId;
 
    private ServiceOptions $options;
    private LoggerInterface $logger;
    private ActorStoreFactory $actorStoreFactory;
    private BlockRestrictionStore $blockRestrictionStore;
    private CommentStore $commentStore;
    private HookRunner $hookRunner;
    private IConnectionProvider $dbProvider;
    private ReadOnlyMode $readOnlyMode;
    private UserFactory $userFactory;
    private TempUserConfig $tempUserConfig;
    private BlockTargetFactory $blockTargetFactory;
    private AutoblockExemptionList $autoblockExemptionList;
    private SessionManagerInterface $sessionManager;
 
    public function __construct(
        ServiceOptions $options,
        LoggerInterface $logger,
        ActorStoreFactory $actorStoreFactory,
        BlockRestrictionStore $blockRestrictionStore,
        CommentStore $commentStore,
        HookContainer $hookContainer,
        IConnectionProvider $dbProvider,
        ReadOnlyMode $readOnlyMode,
        UserFactory $userFactory,
        TempUserConfig $tempUserConfig,
        BlockTargetFactory $blockTargetFactory,
        AutoblockExemptionList $autoblockExemptionList,
        SessionManagerInterface $sessionManager,
        string|false $wikiId = DatabaseBlock::LOCAL
    ) {
        $options->assertRequiredOptions( self::CONSTRUCTOR_OPTIONS );
 
        $this->wikiId = $wikiId;
 
        $this->options = $options;
        $this->logger = $logger;
        $this->actorStoreFactory = $actorStoreFactory;
        $this->blockRestrictionStore = $blockRestrictionStore;
        $this->commentStore = $commentStore;
        $this->hookRunner = new HookRunner( $hookContainer );
        $this->dbProvider = $dbProvider;
        $this->readOnlyMode = $readOnlyMode;
        $this->userFactory = $userFactory;
        $this->tempUserConfig = $tempUserConfig;
        $this->blockTargetFactory = $blockTargetFactory;
        $this->autoblockExemptionList = $autoblockExemptionList;
        $this->sessionManager = $sessionManager;
    }
 
    /***************************************************************************/
    // region   Database read methods
    public function newFromID( $id, $fromPrimary = false, $includeExpired = false ) {
        $blocks = $this->newListFromConds( [ 'bl_id' => $id ], $fromPrimary, $includeExpired );
        return $blocks ? $blocks[0] : null;
    }
 
    public function getQueryInfo() {
        $commentQuery = $this->commentStore->getJoin( 'bl_reason' );
        return [
            'tables' => [
                'block',
                'block_target',
                'block_by_actor' => 'actor',
            ] + $commentQuery['tables'],
            'fields' => [
                'bl_id',
                'bt_address',
                'bt_user',
                'bt_user_text',
                'bl_timestamp',
                'bt_auto',
                'bl_anon_only',
                'bl_create_account',
                'bl_enable_autoblock',
                'bl_expiry',
                'bl_deleted',
                'bl_block_email',
                'bl_allow_usertalk',
                'bl_parent_block_id',
                'bl_sitewide',
                'bl_by_actor',
                'bl_by' => 'block_by_actor.actor_user',
                'bl_by_text' => 'block_by_actor.actor_name',
            ] + $commentQuery['fields'],
            'joins' => [
                'block_target' => [ 'JOIN', 'bt_id=bl_target' ],
                'block_by_actor' => [ 'JOIN', 'actor_id=bl_by_actor' ],
            ] + $commentQuery['joins'],
        ];
    }
 
    private function newLoad(
        $specificTarget,
        $fromPrimary,
        $vagueTarget = null,
        $auto = self::AUTO_ALL
    ) {
        if ( $fromPrimary ) {
            $db = $this->getPrimaryDB();
        } else {
            $db = $this->getReplicaDB();
        }
 
        $userIds = [];
        $userNames = [];
        $addresses = [];
        $ranges = [];
        if ( $specificTarget instanceof UserBlockTarget ) {
            $userId = $specificTarget->getUserIdentity()->getId( $this->wikiId );
            if ( $userId ) {
                $userIds[] = $userId;
            } else {
                // A nonexistent user can have no blocks.
                // This case is hit in testing, possibly production too.
                // Ignoring the user is optimal for production performance.
            }
        } elseif ( $specificTarget instanceof AnonIpBlockTarget
            || $specificTarget instanceof RangeBlockTarget
        ) {
            $addresses[] = (string)$specificTarget;
        }
 
        // Be aware that the != '' check is explicit, since empty values will be
        // passed by some callers (T31116)
        if ( $vagueTarget !== null ) {
            if ( $vagueTarget instanceof UserBlockTarget ) {
                // Slightly weird, but who are we to argue?
                $vagueUser = $vagueTarget->getUserIdentity();
                $userId = $vagueUser->getId( $this->wikiId );
                if ( $userId ) {
                    $userIds[] = $userId;
                } else {
                    $userNames[] = $vagueUser->getName();
                }
            } elseif ( $vagueTarget instanceof BlockTargetWithIp ) {
                $ranges[] = $vagueTarget->toHexRange();
            } else {
                $this->logger->debug( "Ignoring invalid vague target" );
            }
        }
 
        $orConds = [];
        if ( $userIds ) {
            $orConds[] = $db->expr( 'bt_user', '=', array_values( array_unique( $userIds ) ) );
        }
        if ( $userNames ) {
            // Add bt_ip_hex to the condition since it is in the index
            $orConds[] = $db->expr( 'bt_ip_hex', '=', null )
                ->and( 'bt_user_text', '=', array_values( array_unique( $userNames ) ) );
        }
        if ( $addresses ) {
            $orConds[] = $db->expr( 'bt_address', '=', array_values( array_unique( $addresses ) ) );
        }
        foreach ( $this->getConditionForRanges( $ranges ) as $cond ) {
            $orConds[] = new RawSQLExpression( $cond );
        }
        if ( !$orConds ) {
            return [];
        }
 
        // Exclude autoblocks unless AUTO_ALL was requested.
        $autoConds = $auto === self::AUTO_ALL ? [] : [ 'bt_auto' => 0 ];
 
        $blockQuery = $this->getQueryInfo();
        $res = $db->newSelectQueryBuilder()
            ->queryInfo( $blockQuery )
            ->where( $db->orExpr( $orConds ) )
            ->andWhere( $autoConds )
            ->caller( __METHOD__ )
            ->fetchResultSet();
 
        $blocks = [];
        $blockIds = [];
        $autoBlocks = [];
        foreach ( $res as $row ) {
            $block = $this->newFromRow( $db, $row );
 
            // Don't use expired blocks
            if ( $block->isExpired() ) {
                continue;
            }
 
            // Don't use anon only blocks on users
            if (
                $specificTarget instanceof UserBlockTarget &&
                !$block->isHardblock() &&
                !$this->tempUserConfig->isTempName( $specificTarget->toString() )
            ) {
                continue;
            }
 
            // Check for duplicate autoblocks
            if ( $block->getType() === Block::TYPE_AUTO ) {
                $autoBlocks[] = $block;
            } else {
                $blocks[] = $block;
                $blockIds[] = $block->getId( $this->wikiId );
            }
        }
 
        // Only add autoblocks that aren't duplicates
        foreach ( $autoBlocks as $block ) {
            if ( !in_array( $block->getParentBlockId(), $blockIds ) ) {
                $blocks[] = $block;
            }
        }
 
        return $blocks;
    }
 
    private function chooseMostSpecificBlock( array $blocks ) {
        if ( count( $blocks ) === 1 ) {
            return $blocks[0];
        }
 
        // This result could contain a block on the user, a block on the IP, and a russian-doll
        // set of range blocks.  We want to choose the most specific one, so keep a leader board.
        $bestBlock = null;
 
        // Lower will be better
        $bestBlockScore = 100;
        foreach ( $blocks as $block ) {
            $score = $block->getTarget()->getSpecificity();
            if ( $score < $bestBlockScore ) {
                $bestBlockScore = $score;
                $bestBlock = $block;
            }
        }
 
        return $bestBlock;
    }
 
    public function getConditionForRanges( array $ranges ): array {
        $dbr = $this->getReplicaDB();
 
        $conds = [];
        $individualIPs = [];
        foreach ( $ranges as [ $start, $end ] ) {
            // Per T16634, we want to include relevant active range blocks; for
            // range blocks, we want to include larger ranges which enclose the given
            // range. We know that all blocks must be smaller than $wgBlockCIDRLimit,
            // so we can improve performance by filtering on a LIKE clause
            $chunk = $this->getIpFragment( $start );
            $end ??= $start;
 
            $expr = $dbr->expr(
                'bt_range_start',
                IExpression::LIKE,
                new LikeValue( $chunk, $dbr->anyString() )
            )
                ->and( 'bt_range_start', '<=', $start )
                ->and( 'bt_range_end', '>=', $end );
            if ( $start === $end ) {
                $individualIPs[] = $start;
            }
            $conds[] = $expr->toSql( $dbr );
        }
        if ( $individualIPs ) {
            // Also select single IP blocks for these targets
            $conds[] = $dbr->expr( 'bt_ip_hex', '=', $individualIPs )
                ->and( 'bt_range_start', '=', null )
                ->toSql( $dbr );
        }
        return $conds;
    }
 
    public function getRangeCond( $start, $end ) {
        $dbr = $this->getReplicaDB();
        $conds = $this->getConditionForRanges( [ [ $start, $end ] ] );
        return $dbr->makeList( $conds, IDatabase::LIST_OR );
    }
 
    private function getIpFragment( $hex ) {
        $blockCIDRLimit = $this->options->get( MainConfigNames::BlockCIDRLimit );
        if ( str_starts_with( $hex, 'v6-' ) ) {
            return 'v6-' . substr( substr( $hex, 3 ), 0, (int)floor( $blockCIDRLimit['IPv6'] / 4 ) );
        } else {
            return substr( $hex, 0, (int)floor( $blockCIDRLimit['IPv4'] / 4 ) );
        }
    }
 
    public function newFromRow( IReadableDatabase $db, $row ) {
        return new DatabaseBlock( [
            'target' => $this->blockTargetFactory->newFromRowRaw( $row ),
            'wiki' => $this->wikiId,
            'timestamp' => $row->bl_timestamp,
            'auto' => (bool)$row->bt_auto,
            'hideName' => (int)$row->bl_deleted === 1,
            'hideBlock' => (bool)$row->bl_deleted,
            'id' => (int)$row->bl_id,
            // Blocks with no parent ID should have bl_parent_block_id as null,
            // don't save that as 0 though, see T282890
            'parentBlockId' => $row->bl_parent_block_id
                ? (int)$row->bl_parent_block_id : null,
            'by' => $this->actorStoreFactory
                ->getActorStore( $this->wikiId )
                ->newActorFromRowFields( $row->bl_by, $row->bl_by_text, $row->bl_by_actor ),
            'decodedExpiry' => $db->decodeExpiry( $row->bl_expiry ),
            'reason' => $this->commentStore->getComment( 'bl_reason', $row ),
            'anonOnly' => $row->bl_anon_only,
            'enableAutoblock' => (bool)$row->bl_enable_autoblock,
            'sitewide' => (bool)$row->bl_sitewide,
            'createAccount' => (bool)$row->bl_create_account,
            'blockEmail' => (bool)$row->bl_block_email,
            'allowUsertalk' => (bool)$row->bl_allow_usertalk
        ] );
    }
 
    public function newFromTarget(
        $specificTarget,
        $vagueTarget = null,
        $fromPrimary = false,
        $auto = self::AUTO_ALL
    ) {
        $blocks = $this->newListFromTarget( $specificTarget, $vagueTarget, $fromPrimary, $auto );
        return $this->chooseMostSpecificBlock( $blocks );
    }
 
    public function newListFromTarget(
        $specificTarget,
        $vagueTarget = null,
        $fromPrimary = false,
        $auto = self::AUTO_ALL
    ) {
        if ( !( $specificTarget instanceof BlockTarget ) ) {
            $specificTarget = $this->blockTargetFactory->newFromLegacyUnion( $specificTarget );
        }
        if ( $vagueTarget !== null && !( $vagueTarget instanceof BlockTarget ) ) {
            $vagueTarget = $this->blockTargetFactory->newFromLegacyUnion( $vagueTarget );
        }
        if ( $specificTarget instanceof AutoBlockTarget ) {
            if ( $auto === self::AUTO_NONE ) {
                return [];
            }
            $block = $this->newFromID( $specificTarget->getId() );
            return $block ? [ $block ] : [];
        } elseif ( $specificTarget === null && $vagueTarget === null ) {
            // We're not going to find anything useful here
            return [];
        } else {
            return $this->newLoad( $specificTarget, $fromPrimary, $vagueTarget, $auto );
        }
    }
 
    public function newListFromIPs( array $addresses, $applySoftBlocks, $fromPrimary = false ) {
        $addresses = array_unique( $addresses );
        if ( $addresses === [] ) {
            return [];
        }
 
        $ranges = [];
        foreach ( $addresses as $ipaddr ) {
            $ranges[] = [ IPUtils::toHex( $ipaddr ), null ];
        }
        $rangeConds = $this->getConditionForRanges( $ranges );
 
        if ( $fromPrimary ) {
            $db = $this->getPrimaryDB();
        } else {
            $db = $this->getReplicaDB();
        }
        $conds = $db->makeList( $rangeConds, LIST_OR );
        if ( !$applySoftBlocks ) {
            $conds = [ $conds, 'bl_anon_only' => 0 ];
        }
        $blockQuery = $this->getQueryInfo();
        $rows = $db->newSelectQueryBuilder()
            ->queryInfo( $blockQuery )
            ->fields( [ 'bt_range_start', 'bt_range_end' ] )
            ->where( $conds )
            ->caller( __METHOD__ )
            ->fetchResultSet();
 
        $blocks = [];
        foreach ( $rows as $row ) {
            $block = $this->newFromRow( $db, $row );
            if ( !$block->isExpired() ) {
                $blocks[] = $block;
            }
        }
 
        return $blocks;
    }
 
    public function newListFromConds( $conds, $fromPrimary = false, $includeExpired = false ) {
        $db = $fromPrimary ? $this->getPrimaryDB() : $this->getReplicaDB();
        $conds = self::mapActorAlias( $conds );
        if ( !$includeExpired ) {
            $conds[] = $db->expr( 'bl_expiry', '>=', $db->timestamp() );
        }
        $res = $db->newSelectQueryBuilder()
            ->queryInfo( $this->getQueryInfo() )
            ->conds( $conds )
            ->caller( __METHOD__ )
            ->fetchResultSet();
        $blocks = [];
        foreach ( $res as $row ) {
            $blocks[] = $this->newFromRow( $db, $row );
        }
        return $blocks;
    }
 
    // endregion -- end of database read methods
 
    /***************************************************************************/
    // region   Database write methods
    public function newUnsaved( array $options ): DatabaseBlock {
        if ( isset( $options['targetUser'] ) ) {
            $options['target'] = $this->blockTargetFactory
                ->newFromUser( $options['targetUser'] );
            unset( $options['targetUser'] );
        }
        if ( isset( $options['address'] ) ) {
            $target = $this->blockTargetFactory
                ->newFromString( $options['address'] );
            if ( !$target ) {
                throw new InvalidArgumentException( 'Invalid target address' );
            }
            $options['target'] = $target;
            unset( $options['address'] );
        }
        return new DatabaseBlock( $options );
    }
 
    public function purgeExpiredBlocks() {
        if ( $this->readOnlyMode->isReadOnly( $this->wikiId ) ) {
            return;
        }
 
        $dbw = $this->getPrimaryDB();
 
        DeferredUpdates::addUpdate( new AutoCommitUpdate(
            $dbw,
            __METHOD__,
            function ( IDatabase $dbw, $fname ) {
                $limit = $this->options->get( MainConfigNames::UpdateRowsPerQuery );
                $res = $dbw->newSelectQueryBuilder()
                    ->select( [ 'bl_id', 'bl_target' ] )
                    ->from( 'block' )
                    ->where( $dbw->expr( 'bl_expiry', '<', $dbw->timestamp() ) )
                    // Set a limit to avoid causing replication lag (T301742)
                    ->limit( $limit )
                    ->caller( $fname )->fetchResultSet();
                $this->deleteBlockRows( $res );
            }
        ) );
    }
 
    public function deleteBlocksMatchingConds( array $conds, $limit = null ) {
        $dbw = $this->getPrimaryDB();
        $conds = self::mapActorAlias( $conds );
        $qb = $dbw->newSelectQueryBuilder()
            ->select( [ 'bl_id', 'bl_target' ] )
            ->from( 'block' )
            // Typical input conds need block_target
            ->join( 'block_target', null, 'bt_id=bl_target' )
            ->where( $conds )
            ->caller( __METHOD__ );
        if ( self::hasActorAlias( $conds ) ) {
            $qb->join( 'actor', 'ipblocks_actor', 'actor_id=bl_by_actor' );
        }
        if ( $limit !== null ) {
            $qb->limit( $limit );
        }
        $res = $qb->fetchResultSet();
        return $this->deleteBlockRows( $res );
    }
 
    private static function mapActorAlias( $conds ) {
        return self::mapConds(
            [
                'bl_by' => 'ipblocks_actor.actor_user',
            ],
            $conds
        );
    }
 
    private static function hasActorAlias( $conds ) {
        return array_key_exists( 'ipblocks_actor.actor_user', $conds )
            || array_key_exists( 'ipblocks_actor.actor_name', $conds );
    }
 
    private static function mapConds( $map, $conds ) {
        $newConds = [];
        foreach ( $conds as $field => $value ) {
            if ( isset( $map[$field] ) ) {
                $newConds[$map[$field]] = $value;
            } else {
                $newConds[$field] = $value;
            }
        }
        return $newConds;
    }
 
    private function deleteBlockRows( $rows ) {
        $ids = [];
        $deltasByTarget = [];
        foreach ( $rows as $row ) {
            $ids[] = (int)$row->bl_id;
            $target = (int)$row->bl_target;
            if ( !isset( $deltasByTarget[$target] ) ) {
                $deltasByTarget[$target] = 0;
            }
            $deltasByTarget[$target]++;
        }
        if ( !$ids ) {
            return 0;
        }
        $dbw = $this->getPrimaryDB();
        $dbw->startAtomic( __METHOD__ );
 
        $maxTargetCount = max( $deltasByTarget );
        for ( $delta = 1; $delta <= $maxTargetCount; $delta++ ) {
            $targetsWithThisDelta = array_keys( $deltasByTarget, $delta, true );
            if ( $targetsWithThisDelta ) {
                $this->releaseTargets( $dbw, $targetsWithThisDelta, $delta );
            }
        }
 
        $dbw->newDeleteQueryBuilder()
            ->deleteFrom( 'block' )
            ->where( [ 'bl_id' => $ids ] )
            ->caller( __METHOD__ )->execute();
        $numDeleted = $dbw->affectedRows();
        $dbw->endAtomic( __METHOD__ );
        $this->blockRestrictionStore->deleteByBlockId( $ids );
        return $numDeleted;
    }
 
    private function releaseTargets( IDatabase $dbw, $targetIds, int $delta = 1 ) {
        if ( !$targetIds ) {
            return;
        }
        $dbw->newUpdateQueryBuilder()
            ->update( 'block_target' )
            ->set( [ 'bt_count' => new RawSQLValue( "bt_count-$delta" ) ] )
            ->where( [ 'bt_id' => $targetIds ] )
            ->caller( __METHOD__ )
            ->execute();
        $dbw->newDeleteQueryBuilder()
            ->deleteFrom( 'block_target' )
            ->where( [
                'bt_count<1',
                'bt_id' => $targetIds
            ] )
            ->caller( __METHOD__ )
            ->execute();
    }
 
    private function getReplicaDB(): IReadableDatabase {
        return $this->dbProvider->getReplicaDatabase( $this->wikiId );
    }
 
    private function getPrimaryDB(): IDatabase {
        return $this->dbProvider->getPrimaryDatabase( $this->wikiId );
    }
 
    public function insertBlock(
        DatabaseBlock $block,
        $expectedTargetCount = 0
    ) {
        $block->assertWiki( $this->wikiId );
 
        $blocker = $block->getBlocker();
        if ( !$blocker || $blocker->getName() === '' ) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException( 'Cannot insert a block without a blocker set' );
        }
 
        if ( $expectedTargetCount instanceof IDatabase ) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                'Old method signature: Passing a custom database connection to '
                    . 'DatabaseBlockStore::insertBlock is no longer supported'
            );
        }
 
        $this->logger->debug( 'Inserting block; timestamp ' . $block->getTimestamp() );
 
        // Purge expired blocks. This now just queues a deferred update, so it
        // is possible for expired blocks to conflict with inserted blocks below.
        $this->purgeExpiredBlocks();
 
        $dbw = $this->getPrimaryDB();
        $dbw->startAtomic( __METHOD__ );
        $finalTargetCount = $this->attemptInsert( $block, $dbw, $expectedTargetCount );
        $purgeDone = false;
 
        // Don't collide with expired blocks.
        // Do this after trying to insert to avoid locking.
        if ( !$finalTargetCount ) {
            if ( $this->purgeExpiredConflicts( $block, $dbw ) ) {
                $finalTargetCount = $this->attemptInsert( $block, $dbw, $expectedTargetCount );
                $purgeDone = true;
            }
        }
        $dbw->endAtomic( __METHOD__ );
 
        if ( $finalTargetCount > 1 && !$purgeDone ) {
            // Subtract expired blocks from the target count
            $expiredBlockCount = $this->getExpiredConflictingBlockRows( $block, $dbw )->count();
            if ( $expiredBlockCount >= $finalTargetCount ) {
                $finalTargetCount = 1;
            } else {
                $finalTargetCount -= $expiredBlockCount;
            }
        }
 
        if ( $finalTargetCount ) {
            $autoBlockIds = $this->doRetroactiveAutoblock( $block );
 
            if ( $this->options->get( MainConfigNames::BlockDisablesLogin ) ) {
                $targetUserIdentity = $block->getTargetUserIdentity();
                if ( $targetUserIdentity ) {
                    $targetUser = $this->userFactory->newFromUserIdentity( $targetUserIdentity );
                    $this->sessionManager->invalidateSessionsForUser( $targetUser );
                }
            }
 
            return [
                'id' => $block->getId( $this->wikiId ),
                'autoIds' => $autoBlockIds,
                'finalTargetCount' => $finalTargetCount
            ];
        }
 
        return false;
    }
 
    public function insertBlockWithParams( array $params ): DatabaseBlock {
        $block = $this->newUnsaved( $params );
        $status = $this->insertBlock( $block, $params['expectedTargetCount'] ?? null );
        if ( !$status ) {
            throw new RuntimeException( 'Failed to insert block' );
        }
        return $block;
    }
 
    private function attemptInsert(
        DatabaseBlock $block,
        IDatabase $dbw,
        $expectedTargetCount
    ) {
        [ $targetId, $finalCount ] = $this->acquireTarget( $block, $dbw, $expectedTargetCount );
        if ( !$targetId ) {
            return false;
        }
        $row = $this->getArrayForBlockUpdate( $block, $dbw );
        $row['bl_target'] = $targetId;
        $dbw->newInsertQueryBuilder()
            ->insertInto( 'block' )
            ->row( $row )
            ->caller( __METHOD__ )->execute();
        if ( !$dbw->affectedRows() ) {
            return false;
        }
        $id = $dbw->insertId();
 
        if ( !$id ) {
            throw new RuntimeException( 'block insert ID is falsey' );
        }
        $block->setId( $id );
        $restrictions = $block->getRawRestrictions();
        if ( $restrictions ) {
            $this->blockRestrictionStore->insert( $restrictions );
        }
 
        return $finalCount;
    }
 
    private function purgeExpiredConflicts(
        DatabaseBlock $block,
        IDatabase $dbw
    ) {
        return (bool)$this->deleteBlockRows(
            $this->getExpiredConflictingBlockRows( $block, $dbw )
        );
    }
 
    private function getExpiredConflictingBlockRows(
        DatabaseBlock $block,
        IDatabase $dbw
    ) {
        // @phan-suppress-next-line PhanTypeMismatchArgumentNullable
        $targetConds = $this->getTargetConds( $block->getTarget() );
        return $dbw->newSelectQueryBuilder()
            ->select( [ 'bl_id', 'bl_target' ] )
            ->from( 'block' )
            ->join( 'block_target', null, [ 'bt_id=bl_target' ] )
            ->where( $targetConds )
            ->andWhere( $dbw->expr( 'bl_expiry', '<', $dbw->timestamp() ) )
            ->caller( __METHOD__ )->fetchResultSet();
    }
 
    private function getTargetConds( BlockTarget $target ) {
        if ( $target instanceof UserBlockTarget ) {
            return [
                'bt_user' => $target->getUserIdentity()->getId( $this->wikiId )
            ];
        } elseif ( $target instanceof AnonIpBlockTarget || $target instanceof RangeBlockTarget ) {
            return [ 'bt_address' => $target->toString() ];
        } else {
            throw new \InvalidArgumentException( 'Invalid target type' );
        }
    }
 
    private function acquireTarget(
        DatabaseBlock $block,
        IDatabase $dbw,
        $expectedTargetCount
    ) {
        $target = $block->getTarget();
        // Note: for new autoblocks, the target is an IpBlockTarget
        $isAuto = $block->getType() === Block::TYPE_AUTO;
        if ( $target instanceof UserBlockTarget ) {
            $targetAddress = null;
            $targetUserName = (string)$target;
            $targetUserId = $target->getUserIdentity()->getId( $this->wikiId );
            $targetConds = [ 'bt_user' => $targetUserId ];
            $targetLockKey = $dbw->getDomainID() . ':block:u:' . $targetUserId;
        } else {
            $targetAddress = (string)$target;
            $targetUserName = null;
            $targetUserId = null;
            $targetConds = [
                'bt_address' => $targetAddress,
                'bt_auto' => $isAuto,
            ];
            $targetLockKey = $dbw->getDomainID() . ':block:' .
                ( $isAuto ? 'a' : 'i' ) . ':' . $targetAddress;
        }
 
        $condsWithCount = $targetConds;
        if ( $expectedTargetCount !== null ) {
            $condsWithCount['bt_count'] = $expectedTargetCount;
        }
 
        $dbw->lock( $targetLockKey, __METHOD__ );
        $func = __METHOD__;
        $dbw->onTransactionCommitOrIdle(
            static function () use ( $dbw, $targetLockKey, $func ) {
                $dbw->unlock( $targetLockKey, "$func.closure" );
            },
            __METHOD__
        );
 
        // This query locks the index gap when the target doesn't exist yet,
        // so there is a risk of throttling adjacent block insertions,
        // especially on small wikis which have larger gaps. If this proves to
        // be a problem, we could have getPrimaryDB() return an autocommit
        // connection.
        $dbw->newUpdateQueryBuilder()
            ->update( 'block_target' )
            ->set( [ 'bt_count' => new RawSQLValue( 'bt_count+1' ) ] )
            ->where( $condsWithCount )
            ->caller( __METHOD__ )->execute();
        $numUpdatedRows = $dbw->affectedRows();
 
        // Now that the row is locked, find the target ID
        $res = $dbw->newSelectQueryBuilder()
            ->select( [ 'bt_id', 'bt_count' ] )
            ->from( 'block_target' )
            ->where( $targetConds )
            ->forUpdate()
            ->caller( __METHOD__ )
            ->fetchResultSet();
        if ( $res->numRows() > 1 ) {
            $ids = [];
            foreach ( $res as $row ) {
                $ids[] = $row->bt_id;
            }
            throw new RuntimeException( "Duplicate block_target rows detected: " .
                implode( ',', $ids ) );
        }
        $row = $res->fetchObject();
 
        if ( $row ) {
            $count = (int)$row->bt_count;
            if ( !$numUpdatedRows ) {
                // ID found but count update failed -- must be a conflict due to bt_count mismatch
                return [ null, $count ];
            }
            $id = (int)$row->bt_id;
        } else {
            if ( $numUpdatedRows ) {
                throw new RuntimeException(
                    'block_target row unexpectedly missing after we locked it' );
            }
            if ( $expectedTargetCount !== 0 && $expectedTargetCount !== null ) {
                // Conflict (expectation failure)
                return [ null, 0 ];
            }
 
            // Insert new row
            $targetRow = [
                'bt_address' => $targetAddress,
                'bt_user' => $targetUserId,
                'bt_user_text' => $targetUserName,
                'bt_auto' => $isAuto,
                'bt_range_start' => $block->getRangeStart(),
                'bt_range_end' => $block->getRangeEnd(),
                'bt_ip_hex' => $block->getIpHex(),
                'bt_count' => 1
            ];
            $dbw->newInsertQueryBuilder()
                ->insertInto( 'block_target' )
                ->row( $targetRow )
                ->caller( __METHOD__ )->execute();
            $id = $dbw->insertId();
            if ( !$id ) {
                throw new RuntimeException(
                    'block_target insert ID is falsey despite unconditional insert' );
            }
            $count = 1;
        }
 
        return [ $id, $count ];
    }
 
    public function updateBlock( DatabaseBlock $block ) {
        $this->logger->debug( 'Updating block; timestamp ' . $block->getTimestamp() );
 
        $block->assertWiki( $this->wikiId );
 
        $blockId = $block->getId( $this->wikiId );
        if ( !$blockId ) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                __METHOD__ . ' requires that a block id be set'
            );
        }
 
        // Update bl_timestamp to current when making any updates to a block (T389275)
        $block->setTimestamp( wfTimestamp() );
 
        $dbw = $this->getPrimaryDB();
 
        $dbw->startAtomic( __METHOD__ );
 
        $row = $this->getArrayForBlockUpdate( $block, $dbw );
        $dbw->newUpdateQueryBuilder()
            ->update( 'block' )
            ->set( $row )
            ->where( [ 'bl_id' => $blockId ] )
            ->caller( __METHOD__ )->execute();
 
        // Only update the restrictions if they have been modified.
        $result = true;
        $restrictions = $block->getRawRestrictions();
        if ( $restrictions !== null ) {
            // An empty array should remove all of the restrictions.
            if ( $restrictions === [] ) {
                $result = $this->blockRestrictionStore->deleteByBlockId( $blockId );
            } else {
                $result = $this->blockRestrictionStore->update( $restrictions );
            }
        }
 
        if ( $block->isAutoblocking() ) {
            // Update corresponding autoblock(s) (T50813)
            $dbw->newUpdateQueryBuilder()
                ->update( 'block' )
                ->set( $this->getArrayForAutoblockUpdate( $block ) )
                ->where( [ 'bl_parent_block_id' => $blockId ] )
                ->caller( __METHOD__ )->execute();
 
            // Only update the restrictions if they have been modified.
            if ( $restrictions !== null ) {
                $this->blockRestrictionStore->updateByParentBlockId(
                    $blockId,
                    $restrictions
                );
            }
        } else {
            // Autoblock no longer required, delete corresponding autoblock(s)
            $this->deleteBlocksMatchingConds( [ 'bl_parent_block_id' => $blockId ] );
        }
 
        $dbw->endAtomic( __METHOD__ );
 
        if ( $result ) {
            $autoBlockIds = $this->doRetroactiveAutoblock( $block );
            return [ 'id' => $blockId, 'autoIds' => $autoBlockIds ];
        }
 
        return false;
    }
 
    public function updateTarget( DatabaseBlock $block, $newTarget ) {
        $dbw = $this->getPrimaryDB();
        $blockId = $block->getId( $this->wikiId );
        if ( !$blockId ) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                __METHOD__ . " requires that a block id be set\n"
            );
        }
        if ( !( $newTarget instanceof BlockTarget ) ) {
            $newTarget = $this->blockTargetFactory->newFromLegacyUnion( $newTarget );
        }
 
        // @phan-suppress-next-line PhanTypeMismatchArgumentNullable
        $oldTargetConds = $this->getTargetConds( $block->getTarget() );
        $block->setTarget( $newTarget );
 
        $dbw->startAtomic( __METHOD__ );
        [ $targetId, $count ] = $this->acquireTarget( $block, $dbw, null );
        if ( !$targetId ) {
            // This is an exotic and unlikely error -- perhaps an exception should be thrown
            $dbw->endAtomic( __METHOD__ );
            return false;
        }
        $oldTargetId = $dbw->newSelectQueryBuilder()
            ->select( 'bt_id' )
            ->from( 'block_target' )
            ->where( $oldTargetConds )
            ->caller( __METHOD__ )->fetchField();
        $this->releaseTargets( $dbw, [ $oldTargetId ] );
 
        $dbw->newUpdateQueryBuilder()
            ->update( 'block' )
            ->set( [ 'bl_target' => $targetId ] )
            ->where( [ 'bl_id' => $blockId ] )
            ->caller( __METHOD__ )
            ->execute();
        $affected = $dbw->affectedRows();
        $dbw->endAtomic( __METHOD__ );
        return (bool)$affected;
    }
 
    public function deleteBlock( DatabaseBlock $block ): bool {
        if ( $this->readOnlyMode->isReadOnly( $this->wikiId ) ) {
            return false;
        }
 
        $block->assertWiki( $this->wikiId );
 
        $blockId = $block->getId( $this->wikiId );
 
        if ( !$blockId ) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                __METHOD__ . ' requires that a block id be set'
            );
        }
        $dbw = $this->getPrimaryDB();
        $dbw->startAtomic( __METHOD__ );
        $res = $dbw->newSelectQueryBuilder()
            ->select( [ 'bl_id', 'bl_target' ] )
            ->from( 'block' )
            ->where(
                $dbw->orExpr( [
                    'bl_parent_block_id' => $blockId,
                    'bl_id' => $blockId,
                ] )
            )
            ->caller( __METHOD__ )->fetchResultSet();
        $this->deleteBlockRows( $res );
        $affected = $res->numRows();
        $dbw->endAtomic( __METHOD__ );
 
        return $affected > 0;
    }
 
    private function getArrayForBlockUpdate(
        DatabaseBlock $block,
        IDatabase $dbw
    ): array {
        $expiry = $dbw->encodeExpiry( $block->getExpiry() );
 
        $blocker = $block->getBlocker();
        if ( !$blocker ) {
            throw new RuntimeException( __METHOD__ . ': this block does not have a blocker' );
        }
        // DatabaseBlockStore supports inserting cross-wiki blocks by passing
        // non-local IDatabase and blocker.
        $blockerActor = $this->actorStoreFactory
            ->getActorStore( $dbw->getDomainID() )
            ->acquireActorId( $blocker, $dbw );
 
        $blockArray = [
            'bl_by_actor'         => $blockerActor,
            'bl_timestamp'        => $dbw->timestamp( $block->getTimestamp() ),
            'bl_anon_only'        => !$block->isHardblock(),
            'bl_create_account'   => $block->isCreateAccountBlocked(),
            'bl_enable_autoblock' => $block->isAutoblocking(),
            'bl_expiry'           => $expiry,
            'bl_deleted'          => $this->getDeletedColumnValue( $block ),
            'bl_block_email'      => $block->isEmailBlocked(),
            'bl_allow_usertalk'   => $block->isUsertalkEditAllowed(),
            'bl_parent_block_id'  => $block->getParentBlockId(),
            'bl_sitewide'         => $block->isSitewide(),
        ];
        $commentArray = $this->commentStore->insert(
            $dbw,
            'bl_reason',
            $block->getReasonComment()
        );
 
        $combinedArray = $blockArray + $commentArray;
        return $combinedArray;
    }
 
    private function getArrayForAutoblockUpdate( DatabaseBlock $block ): array {
        $blocker = $block->getBlocker();
        if ( !$blocker ) {
            throw new RuntimeException( __METHOD__ . ': this block does not have a blocker' );
        }
        $dbw = $this->getPrimaryDB();
        $blockerActor = $this->actorStoreFactory
            ->getActorNormalization( $this->wikiId )
            ->acquireActorId( $blocker, $dbw );
 
        $blockArray = [
            'bl_by_actor'       => $blockerActor,
            'bl_create_account' => $block->isCreateAccountBlocked(),
            'bl_deleted'        => $this->getDeletedColumnValue( $block ),
            'bl_allow_usertalk' => $block->isUsertalkEditAllowed(),
            'bl_sitewide'       => $block->isSitewide(),
        ];
 
        // Shorten the autoblock expiry if the parent block expiry is sooner.
        // Don't lengthen -- that is only done when the IP address is actually
        // used by the blocked user.
        if ( $block->getExpiry() !== 'infinity' ) {
            $blockArray['bl_expiry'] = new RawSQLValue( $dbw->conditional(
                    $dbw->expr( 'bl_expiry', '>', $dbw->timestamp( $block->getExpiry() ) ),
                    $dbw->addQuotes( $dbw->timestamp( $block->getExpiry() ) ),
                    'bl_expiry'
                ) );
        }
 
        $commentArray = $this->commentStore->insert(
            $dbw,
            'bl_reason',
            $this->getAutoblockReason( $block )
        );
 
        $combinedArray = $blockArray + $commentArray;
        return $combinedArray;
    }
 
    private function getDeletedColumnValue( DatabaseBlock $block ): int {
        if ( $block->getHideName() ) {
            return 1;
        } elseif ( $block->getHideBlock() ) {
            return 2;
        }
        return 0;
    }
 
    private function doRetroactiveAutoblock( DatabaseBlock $block ): array {
        $autoBlockIds = [];
        // If autoblock is enabled, autoblock the LAST IP(s) used
        if ( $block->isAutoblocking() && $block->getType() == AbstractBlock::TYPE_USER ) {
            $this->logger->debug(
                'Doing retroactive autoblocks for ' . $block->getTargetName()
            );
 
            $hookAutoBlocked = [];
            $continue = $this->hookRunner->onPerformRetroactiveAutoblock(
                $block,
                $hookAutoBlocked
            );
 
            if ( $continue ) {
                $coreAutoBlocked = $this->performRetroactiveAutoblock( $block );
                $autoBlockIds = array_merge( $hookAutoBlocked, $coreAutoBlocked );
            } else {
                $autoBlockIds = $hookAutoBlocked;
            }
        }
        return $autoBlockIds;
    }
 
    private function performRetroactiveAutoblock( DatabaseBlock $block ): array {
        if ( !$this->options->get( MainConfigNames::PutIPinRC ) ) {
            // No IPs in the recent changes table to autoblock
            return [];
        }
 
        $target = $block->getTarget();
        if ( !( $target instanceof UserBlockTarget ) ) {
            // Autoblocks only apply to users
            return [];
        }
 
        $dbr = $this->getReplicaDB();
 
        $actor = $this->actorStoreFactory
            ->getActorNormalization( $this->wikiId )
            ->findActorId( $target->getUserIdentity(), $dbr );
 
        if ( !$actor ) {
            $this->logger->debug( 'No actor found to retroactively autoblock' );
            return [];
        }
 
        $rcIp = $dbr->newSelectQueryBuilder()
            ->select( 'rc_ip' )
            ->from( 'recentchanges' )
            ->where( [ 'rc_actor' => $actor ] )
            ->orderBy( 'rc_timestamp', SelectQueryBuilder::SORT_DESC )
            ->caller( __METHOD__ )->fetchField();
 
        if ( !$rcIp ) {
            $this->logger->debug( 'No IP found to retroactively autoblock' );
            return [];
        }
 
        $id = $this->doAutoblock( $block, $rcIp );
        if ( !$id ) {
            return [];
        }
        return [ $id ];
    }
 
    public function doAutoblock( DatabaseBlock $parentBlock, $autoblockIP ) {
        // If autoblocks are disabled, go away.
        if ( !$parentBlock->isAutoblocking() ) {
            return false;
        }
        $parentBlock->assertWiki( $this->wikiId );
 
        $target = $this->blockTargetFactory->newFromIp( $autoblockIP );
        if ( !$target ) {
            $this->logger->debug( "Invalid autoblock IP" );
            return false;
        }
 
        // Check if autoblock exempt.
        if ( $this->autoblockExemptionList->isExempt( $autoblockIP ) ) {
            return false;
        }
 
        // Allow hooks to cancel the autoblock.
        if ( !$this->hookRunner->onAbortAutoblock( $autoblockIP, $parentBlock ) ) {
            $this->logger->debug( "Autoblock aborted by hook." );
            return false;
        }
 
        // It's okay to autoblock. Go ahead and insert/update the block...
 
        // Do not add a *new* block if the IP is already blocked.
        $blocks = $this->newLoad( $target, false );
        if ( $blocks ) {
            foreach ( $blocks as $ipblock ) {
                // Check if the block is an autoblock and would exceed the user block
                // if renewed. If so, do nothing, otherwise prolong the block time...
                if ( $ipblock->getType() === Block::TYPE_AUTO
                    && $parentBlock->getExpiry() > $ipblock->getExpiry()
                ) {
                    // Reset block timestamp to now and its expiry to
                    // $wgAutoblockExpiry in the future
                    $this->updateTimestamp( $ipblock );
                }
            }
            return false;
        }
        $blocker = $parentBlock->getBlocker();
        if ( !$blocker ) {
            throw new RuntimeException( __METHOD__ . ': this block does not have a blocker' );
        }
 
        // Acquire a lock on the primary DB for the autoblock to prevent race conditions (T260838)
        $dbw = $this->getPrimaryDB();
        $autoblockTargetLockKey = $dbw->getDomainID() . ':autoblock:' . $target;
        if ( !$dbw->lock( $autoblockTargetLockKey, __METHOD__, 0 ) ) {
            return false;
        }
 
        $timestamp = wfTimestampNow();
        $expiry = $this->getAutoblockExpiry( $timestamp, $parentBlock->getExpiry() );
        $autoblock = new DatabaseBlock( [
            'wiki' => $this->wikiId,
            'target' => $target,
            'by' => $blocker,
            'reason' => $this->getAutoblockReason( $parentBlock ),
            'decodedTimestamp' => $timestamp,
            'auto' => true,
            'createAccount' => $parentBlock->isCreateAccountBlocked(),
            // Continue suppressing the name if needed
            'hideName' => $parentBlock->getHideName(),
            'hideBlock' => $parentBlock->getHideBlock(),
            'allowUsertalk' => $parentBlock->isUsertalkEditAllowed(),
            'parentBlockId' => $parentBlock->getId( $this->wikiId ),
            'sitewide' => $parentBlock->isSitewide(),
            'restrictions' => $parentBlock->getRestrictions(),
            'decodedExpiry' => $expiry,
        ] );
 
        $this->logger->debug( "Autoblocking {$parentBlock->getTargetName()}@" . $target );
 
        $status = $this->insertBlock( $autoblock );
 
        $dbw->unlock( $autoblockTargetLockKey, __METHOD__ );
 
        return $status
            ? $status['id']
            : false;
    }
 
    private function getAutoblockReason( DatabaseBlock $parentBlock ): string {
        return wfMessage(
            'autoblocker',
            $parentBlock->getTargetName(),
            $parentBlock->getReasonComment()->text
        )->inContentLanguage()->plain();
    }
 
    public function updateTimestamp( DatabaseBlock $block ) {
        $block->assertWiki( $this->wikiId );
        if ( $block->getType() !== Block::TYPE_AUTO ) {
            return;
        }
        $now = wfTimestamp();
        $block->setTimestamp( $now );
        // No need to reduce the autoblock expiry to the expiry of the parent
        // block, since the caller already checked for that.
        $block->setExpiry( $this->getAutoblockExpiry( $now ) );
 
        $dbw = $this->getPrimaryDB();
        $dbw->newUpdateQueryBuilder()
            ->update( 'block' )
            ->set(
                [
                    'bl_timestamp' => $dbw->timestamp( $block->getTimestamp() ),
                    'bl_expiry' => $dbw->timestamp( $block->getExpiry() ),
                ]
            )
            ->where( [ 'bl_id' => $block->getId( $this->wikiId ) ] )
            ->caller( __METHOD__ )->execute();
    }
 
    public function getAutoblockExpiry( $timestamp, ?string $parentExpiry = null ) {
        $maxDuration = $this->options->get( MainConfigNames::AutoblockExpiry );
        $expiry = wfTimestamp( TS::MW, (int)wfTimestamp( TS::UNIX, $timestamp ) + $maxDuration );
        if ( $parentExpiry !== null && $parentExpiry !== 'infinity' ) {
            $expiry = min( $parentExpiry, $expiry );
        }
        return $expiry;
    }
 
    // endregion -- end of database write methods
 
}