`data` — Data Exchange#

Module providing several layers of data access to the wiki.

class data.WaitingMixin[source]#

Bases: object

A mixin to implement wait cycles.

New in version 8.4.

Variables:

max_retries (int) – Maximum number of times to retry an API request before quitting. Defaults to config.max_retries if attribute is missing.
retry_wait (int) – Minimum time to wait before resubmitting a failed API request. Defaults to config.retry_wait if attribute is missing.
current_retries (int) – counter of retries made for the current request. Starting with 1 if attribute is missing.

wait(delay=None)[source]#

Determine how long to wait after a failed request.

Parameters:: delay (int | None) – Minimum time in seconds to wait. Overwrites retry_wait variable if given. The delay doubles each retry until retry_max seconds is reached.
Return type:: None

`data.api` — MediaWiki API Requests#

Interface to Mediawiki’s api.php.

class data.api.APIGenerator(action, continue_name='continue', limit_name='limit', data_name='data', **kwargs)[source]#

Bases: APIGeneratorBase, GeneratorWrapper

Generator that handle API responses containing lists.

The generator will iterate each item in the query response and use the continue request parameter to retrieve the next portion of items automatically. If the limit attribute is set, the iterator will stop after iterating that many values.

Changed in version 7.6: subclassed from tools.collections.GeneratorWrapper

Initialize an APIGenerator object.

kwargs are used to create a Request object; see that object’s documentation for values.

Parameters:

action (str) – API action name.
continue_name (str) – Name of the continue API parameter.
limit_name (str) – Name of the limit API parameter.
data_name (str) – Name of the data in API response.

property generator#

Submit request and iterate the response.

Continues response as needed until limit (if defined) is reached.

Changed in version 7.6: changed from iterator method to generator property

set_maximum_items(value)[source]#

Set the maximum number of items to be retrieved from the wiki.

If not called, most queries will continue as long as there is more data to be retrieved from the API.

Parameters:: value (int | str | None) – The value of maximum number of items to be retrieved in total to set. Ignores None value.
Return type:: None

set_query_increment(value)[source]#

Set the maximum number of items to be retrieved per API query.

If not called, the default is config.step.

Parameters:: value (int) – The value of maximum number of items to be retrieved per API request to set.
Return type:: None

class data.api.APIGeneratorBase[source]#

Bases: ABC

A wrapper class to handle the usage of the parameters parameter.

Changed in version 7.6: renamed from _RequestWrapper

abstract set_maximum_items(value)[source]#

Set the maximum number of items to be retrieved from the wiki.

New in version 7.1.

Changed in version 7.6: become an abstract method

Parameters:: value (int | str | None) –
Return type:: None

class data.api.CachedRequest(expiry, *args, **kwargs)[source]#

Bases: Request

Cached request.

Initialize a CachedRequest object.

Parameters:: expiry – either a number of days or a datetime.timedelta object

classmethod create_simple(req_site, **kwargs)[source]#: Unsupported as it requires at least two parameters.

submit()[source]#: Submit cached request.

class data.api.ListGenerator(listaction, **kwargs)[source]#

Bases: QueryGenerator

Generator for queries of type action=query&list=foo.

See the API documentation for types of lists that can be queried. Lists include both site-wide information (such as ‘allpages’) and page-specific information (such as ‘backlinks’).

This generator yields a dict object for each member of the list returned by the API, with the format of the dict depending on the particular list command used. For those lists that contain page information, it may be easier to use the PageGenerator class instead, as that will convert the returned information into a Page object.

Required and optional parameters are as for Request, except that action=query is assumed and listaction is required.

Parameters:: listaction (str) – the “list=” type from api.php

class data.api.LogEntryListGenerator(logtype=None, **kwargs)[source]#

Bases: ListGenerator

Generator for queries of list ‘logevents’.

Yields LogEntry objects instead of dicts.

result(pagedata)[source]#: Instantiate LogEntry from data from api.

class data.api.OptionSet(site=None, module=None, param=None, dict=None)[source]#

Bases: MutableMapping

A class to store a set of options which can be either enabled or not.

If it is instantiated with the associated site, module and parameter it will only allow valid names as options. If instantiated ‘lazy loaded’ it won’t checks if the names are valid until the site has been set (which isn’t required, but recommended). The site can only be set once if it’s not None and after setting it, any site (even None) will fail.

If a site is given, the module and param must be given too.

Parameters:

site (pywikibot.site.APISite or None) – The associated site
module (str | None) – The module name which is used by paraminfo. (Ignored when site is None)
param (str | None) – The parameter name inside the module. That parameter must have a ‘type’ entry. (Ignored when site is None)
dict (dict | None) – The initializing dict which is used for from_dict

api_iter()[source]#: Iterate over each option as they appear in the URL.

from_dict(dictionary)[source]#

Load options from the dict.

The options are not cleared before. If changes have been made previously, but only the dict values should be applied it needs to be cleared first.

Parameters:: dictionary (dict (keys are strings, values are bool/None)) – a dictionary containing for each entry either the value False, True or None. The names must be valid depending on whether they enable or disable the option. All names with the value None can be in either of the list.

class data.api.PageGenerator(generator, g_content=False, **kwargs)[source]#

Bases: QueryGenerator

Generator for response to a request of type action=query&generator=foo.

This class can be used for any of the query types that are listed in the API documentation as being able to be used as a generator. Instances of this class iterate Page objects.

Required and optional parameters are as for Request, except that action=query is assumed and generator is required.

Parameters:

generator (str) – the “generator=” type from api.php
g_content (bool) – if True, retrieve the contents of the current version of each Page (default False)

result(pagedata)[source]#

Convert page dict entry from api to Page object.

This can be overridden in subclasses to return a different type of object.

class data.api.ParamInfo(site, preloaded_modules=None)[source]#

Bases: Sized, Container

API parameter information data object.

Provides cache aware fetching of parameter information.

See also

API:Parameter information

Deprecated since version 8.4: the modules_only_mode parameter

Parameters:: preloaded_modules (set[str] | None) – API modules to preload

property action_modules#: Set of all action modules.

attributes(attribute, modules=None)[source]#

Mapping of modules with an attribute to the attribute value.

It will include all modules which have that attribute set, also if that attribute is empty or set to False.

Parameters:

attribute (str) – attribute name
modules (set | None) – modules to include. If None (default), it’ll load all modules including all submodules using the paths.

Returns:

dict using modules as keys

Return type:

dict[str, Any]

fetch(modules)[source]#

Fetch paraminfo for multiple modules.

No exception is raised when paraminfo for a module does not exist. paraminfo[module] to cause an exception if a module does not exist.

Parameters:: modules (Iterable | str) – API modules to load
Return type:: None

init_modules = frozenset({'main', 'paraminfo'})#

property module_paths#: Set of all modules using their paths.

normalize_modules(modules)[source]#

Convert the modules into module paths.

Add query+ to any query module name not also in action modules.

Returns:: The modules converted into a module paths
Return type:: set

static normalize_paraminfo(data)[source]#

Convert API JSON into a new data structure with path as key.

For duplicate paths, the value will be False.

Changed in version 8.4: normalize_paraminfo became a staticmethod.

Parameters:: data (dict[str, Any]) –
Return type:: dict[str, Any]

param_modules = ('list', 'meta', 'prop')#

parameter(module, param_name)[source]#

Get details about one modules parameter.

Returns None if the parameter does not exist.

Parameters:

module (str) – API module name
param_name (str) – parameter name in the module

Returns:

metadata that describes how the parameter may be used

Return type:

dict[str, Any] | None

paraminfo_keys = frozenset({'modules'})#

property prefix_map: dict[str, str]#

Mapping of module to its prefix for all modules with a prefix.

This loads paraminfo for all modules.

property preloaded_modules: frozenset[str] | set[str]#: Return set of preloaded modules.

Deprecated since version 8.4.0.

property query_modules#: Set of all query module names without query+ path prefix.

root_modules = frozenset({'main'})#

submodules(name, path=False)[source]#

Set of all submodules.

Parameters:

name (str) – The name of the parent module.
path (bool) – Whether the path and not the name is returned.

Returns:

The names or paths of the submodules.

Return type:

set[str]

class data.api.PropertyGenerator(prop, **kwargs)[source]#

Bases: QueryGenerator

Generator for queries of type action=query&prop=foo.

See the API documentation for types of page properties that can be queried.

This generator yields one or more dict object(s) corresponding to each “page” item(s) from the API response; the calling module has to decide what to do with the contents of the dict. There will be one dict for each page queried via a titles= or ids= parameter (which must be supplied when instantiating this class).

Required and optional parameters are as for Request, except that action=query is assumed and prop is required.

Parameters:: prop (str) – the “prop=” type from api.php

property generator#: Yield results.

Changed in version 7.6: changed from iterator method to generator property

property props#: The requested property names.

class data.api.QueryGenerator(**kwargs)[source]#

Bases: APIGeneratorBase, GeneratorWrapper

Base class for generators that handle responses to API action=query.

By default, the generator will iterate each item in the query response, and use the (query-)continue element, if present, to continue iterating as long as the wiki returns additional values. However, if the generators’s limit attribute is set to a positive int, the generators will stop after iterating that many values. If limit is negative, the limit parameter will not be passed to the API at all.

Most common query types are more efficiently handled by subclasses, but this class can be used directly for custom queries and miscellaneous types (such as “meta=…”) that don’t return the usual list of pages or links. See the API documentation for specific query options.

Changed in version 7.6: subclassed from tools.collections.GeneratorWrapper

Initialize a QueryGenerator object.

kwargs are used to create a Request object; see that object’s documentation for values. ‘action’=’query’ is assumed.

continue_update()[source]#

Update query with continue parameters.

New in version 3.0.

Changed in version 4.0: explicit return a bool value to be used in generator()

Changed in version 6.0: always return False

Changed in version 8.4: return None instead of False.

Return type:: None

property continuekey: list[str]#

Deprecated.

Return deprecated continuekey which is self.modules.

property generator#

Submit request and iterate the response based on self.resultkey.

Continues response as needed until limit (if any) is reached.

Changed in version 7.6: changed from iterator method to generator property

result(data)[source]#: Process result data as needed for particular subclass.

set_maximum_items(value)[source]#

Set the maximum number of items to be retrieved from the wiki.

If not called, most queries will continue as long as there is more data to be retrieved from the API.

If set to -1 (or any negative value), the “limit” parameter will be omitted from the request. For some request types (such as prop=revisions), this is necessary to signal that only current revision is to be returned.

Parameters:: value (int | str | None) – The value of maximum number of items to be retrieved in total to set. Ignores None value.
Return type:: None

set_namespace(namespaces)[source]#

Set a namespace filter on this query.

Parameters:: namespaces (iterable of str or Namespace key, or a single instance of those types. May be a '|' separated list of namespace identifiers. An empty iterator clears any namespace restriction.) – namespace identifiers to limit query results
Raises:: KeyError – a namespace identifier was not resolved

set_query_increment(value)[source]#

Set the maximum number of items to be retrieved per API query.

If not called, the default is to ask for “max” items and let the API decide how many to send.

Return type:: None

support_namespace()[source]#

Check if namespace is a supported parameter on this query.

Note

this function will be removed when set_namespace() will throw TypeError() instead of just giving a warning. See T196619.

Returns:: True if yes, False otherwise
Return type:: bool

class data.api.Request(site=None, mime=None, throttle=True, max_retries=None, retry_wait=None, use_get=None, parameters=<object object>, **kwargs)[source]#

Bases: MutableMapping, WaitingMixin

A request to a Site’s api.php interface.

Attributes of this object (except for the special parameters listed below) get passed as commands to api.php, and can be get or set using the dict interface. All attributes must be strings. Use an empty string for parameters that don’t require a value. For example, Request(action="query", titles="Foo bar", prop="info", redirects="") corresponds to the API request api.php?action=query&titles=Foo%20bar&prop=info&redirects

This is the lowest-level interface to the API, and can be used for any request that a particular site’s API supports. See the API documentation (https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/API) and site-specific settings for details on what parameters are accepted for each request type.

Uploading files is a special case: to upload, the parameter mime must contain a dict, and the parameter file must be set equal to a valid filename on the local computer, not to the content of the file.

Returns a dict containing the JSON data returned by the wiki. Normally, one of the dict keys will be equal to the value of the ‘action’ parameter. Errors are caught and raise an APIError exception.

Example:

>>> r = Request(parameters={'action': 'query', 'meta': 'userinfo'})
>>> # This is equivalent to
>>> # https://{path}/api.php?action=query&meta=userinfo&format=json
>>> # change a parameter
>>> r['meta'] = "userinfo|siteinfo"
>>> # add a new parameter
>>> r['siprop'] = "namespaces"
>>> # note that "uiprop" param gets added automatically
>>> r.action
'query'
>>> sorted(r._params)
['action', 'meta', 'siprop']
>>> r._params['action']
['query']
>>> r._params['meta']
['userinfo', 'siteinfo']
>>> r._params['siprop']
['namespaces']
>>> data = r.submit()
>>> isinstance(data, dict)
True
>>> set(['query', 'batchcomplete', 'warnings']).issuperset(data.keys())
True
>>> 'query' in data
True
>>> sorted(data['query'])
['namespaces', 'userinfo']

Changed in version 8.4: inherited from WaitingMixin.

Create a new Request instance with the given parameters.

The parameters for the request can be defined via either the ‘parameters’ parameter or the keyword arguments. The keyword arguments were the previous implementation but could cause problems when there are arguments to the API named the same as normal arguments to this class. So the second parameter ‘parameters’ was added which just contains all parameters. When a Request instance is created it must use either one of them and not both at the same time. To have backwards compatibility it adds a parameter named ‘parameters’ to kwargs when both parameters are set as that indicates an old call and ‘parameters’ was originally supplied as a keyword parameter.

If undefined keyword arguments were given AND the ‘parameters’ parameter was supplied as a positional parameter it still assumes ‘parameters’ were part of the keyword arguments.

If a class is using Request and is directly forwarding the parameters, Request.clean_kwargs can be used to automatically convert the old kwargs mode into the new parameter mode. This normalizes the arguments so that when the API parameters are modified the changes can always be applied to the ‘parameters’ parameter.

Parameters:

site – The Site to which the request will be submitted. If not supplied, uses the user’s configured default Site.
mime (dict | None) – If not None, send in “multipart/form-data” format (default None). Parameters which should only be transferred via mime mode are defined via this parameter (even an empty dict means mime shall be used).
max_retries (int | None) – Maximum number of times to retry after errors, defaults to config.max_retries.
retry_wait (int | None) – Minimum time in seconds to wait after an error, defaults to config.retry_wait seconds (doubles each retry until config.retry_max seconds is reached).
use_get (bool | None) – Use HTTP GET request if possible. If False it uses a POST request. If None, it’ll try to determine via action=paraminfo if the action requires a POST.
parameters (dict) – The parameters used for the request to the API.
kwargs – The parameters used for the request to the API.
throttle (bool) –

classmethod clean_kwargs(kwargs)[source]#

Convert keyword arguments into new parameters mode.

If there are no other arguments in kwargs apart from the used arguments by the class’ initializer it’ll just return kwargs and otherwise remove those which aren’t in the initializer and put them in a dict which is added as a ‘parameters’ keyword. It will always create a shallow copy.

Parameters:: kwargs (dict) – The original keyword arguments which is not modified.
Returns:: The normalized keyword arguments.
Return type:: dict

classmethod create_simple(req_site, **kwargs)[source]#: Create a new instance using all args except site for the API.

items()[source]#: Return a list of tuples containing the parameters in any order.

iteritems()[source]#: Implement dict interface.

keys()[source]#: Implement dict interface.

submit()[source]#

Submit a query and parse the response.

Changed in version 8.0.4: in addition to readapidenied also try to login when API response is notloggedin.

Returns:: a dict containing data retrieved from api.php
Return type:: dict

data.api.encode_url(query)[source]#

Encode parameters to pass with a url.

Reorder parameters so that token parameters go last and call wraps urlencode. Return an HTTP URL query fragment which complies with API:Edit#Parameters (See the ‘token’ bullet.)

Parameters:: query (mapping object or a sequence of two-element tuples) – keys and values to be uncoded for passing with a url
Returns:: encoded parameters with token parameters at the end
Return type:: str

data.api.update_page(page, pagedict, props=None)[source]#

Update attributes of Page object page, based on query data in pagedict.

Parameters:

page (pywikibot.page.Page) – object to be updated
pagedict (dict) – the contents of a “page” element of a query response
props (iterable of string) – the property names which resulted in pagedict. If a missing value in pagedict can indicate both ‘false’ and ‘not present’ the property which would make the value present must be in the props parameter.

Raises:

pywikibot.exceptions.InvalidTitleError – Page title is invalid
pywikibot.exceptions.UnsupportedPageError – Page with namespace < 0 is not supported yet

`data.memento` — Memento Requests#

Fix ups for memento-client package version 0.6.1.

New in version 7.4.

`data.mysql` — Mysql Requests#

Miscellaneous helper functions for mysql queries.

data.mysql.mysql_query(query, params=None, dbname=None, verbose=None)[source]#

Yield rows from a MySQL query.

An example query that yields all ns0 pages might look like:

SELECT
 page_namespace,
 page_title,
FROM page
WHERE page_namespace = 0;

Supported MediaWiki projects use Unicode (UTF-8) character encoding. Cursor charset is utf8.

Parameters:

query (str) – MySQL query to execute
params (tuple, list or dict of str) – input parameters for the query, if needed if list or tuple, %s shall be used as placeholder in the query string. if a dict, %(key)s shall be used as placeholder in the query string.
dbname (str | None) – db name
verbose (bool | None) – if True, print query to be executed; if None, config.verbose_output will be used.

Returns:

generator which yield tuples

`data.sparql` — SPARQL requests#

SPARQL Query interface.

class data.sparql.Bnode(data, **kwargs)[source]#

Bases: SparqlNode

Representation of blank node.

Create Bnode.

Parameters:: data (dict) –

class data.sparql.Literal(data, **kwargs)[source]#

Bases: SparqlNode

Representation of RDF literal result type.

Create Literal object.

Parameters:: data (dict) –

class data.sparql.SparqlNode(value)[source]#

Bases: object

Base class for SPARQL nodes.

Create a SparqlNode.

class data.sparql.SparqlQuery(endpoint=None, entity_url=None, repo=None, max_retries=None, retry_wait=None)[source]#

Bases: WaitingMixin

SPARQL Query class.

This class allows to run SPARQL queries against any SPARQL endpoint.

Changed in version 8.4: inherited from data.WaitingMixin which provides a data.WaitingMixin.wait() method.

Create endpoint.

Parameters:

endpoint (str | None) – SPARQL endpoint URL
entity_url (str | None) – URL prefix for any entities returned in a query.
repo (pywikibot.site.DataSite) – The Wikibase site which we want to run queries on. If provided this overrides any value in endpoint and entity_url. Defaults to Wikidata.
max_retries (int | None) – (optional) Maximum number of times to retry after errors, defaults to config.max_retries.
retry_wait (float | None) – (optional) Minimum time in seconds to wait after an error, defaults to config.retry_wait seconds (doubles each retry until config.retry_max is reached).

ask(query, headers=None)[source]#

Run SPARQL ASK query and return boolean result.

Parameters:

query (str) – Query text
headers (dict[str, str] | None) –

Return type:

bool

get_items(query, item_name='item', result_type=<class 'set'>)[source]#

Retrieve items which satisfy given query.

Items are returned as Wikibase IDs.

Parameters:

query – Query string. Must contain ?{item_name} as one of the projected values.
item_name (str) – Name of the value to extract
result_type (iterable) – type of the iterable in which SPARQL results are stored (default set)

Returns:

item ids, e.g. Q1234

Return type:

same as result_type

get_last_response()[source]#

Return last received response.

Returns:: Response object from last request or None

query(query, headers=None)[source]#

Run SPARQL query and return parsed JSON result.

Changed in version 8.5: :exc:``exceptions.NoUsernameError` is raised if the response looks like the user is not logged in.

Parameters:

query (str) – Query text
headers (dict[str, str] | None) –

Raises:

NoUsernameError – User not logged in

select(query, full_data=False, headers=None)[source]#

Run SPARQL query and return the result.

The response is assumed to be in format defined by: https://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-sparql11-results-json-20130321/

Parameters:

query (str) – Query text
full_data (bool) – Whether return full data objects or only values
headers (dict[str, str] | None) –

Return type:

list[dict[str, str]] | None

class data.sparql.URI(data, entity_url, **kwargs)[source]#

Bases: SparqlNode

Representation of URI result type.

Create URI object.

Parameters:: data (dict) –

getID()[source]#

Get ID of Wikibase object identified by the URI.

Returns:: ID of Wikibase object, e.g. Q1234

`data.wikistats` — WikiStats requests#

Objects representing WikiStats API.

class data.wikistats.WikiStats(url='https://wikistats.wmcloud.org/')[source]#

Bases: object

Light wrapper around WikiStats data, caching responses and data.

The methods accept a Pywikibot family name as the WikiStats table name, mapping the names before calling the WikiStats API.

Parameters:: url (str) –

ALL_KEYS = {'editthis', 'gamepedias', 'gentoo', 'lxde', 'mediawikis', 'metapedias', 'neoseeker', 'opensuse', 'orain', 'pardus', 'referata', 'rodovid', 'scoutwiki', 'shoutwiki', 'sourceforge', 'uncyclomedia', 'w3cwikis', 'wikia', 'wikibooks', 'wikifur', 'wikinews', 'wikipedia', 'wikipedias', 'wikiquote', 'wikiquotes', 'wikisite', 'wikisource', 'wikisources', 'wikitravel', 'wikiversity', 'wikivoyage', 'wikkii', 'wiktionaries', 'wiktionary', 'wmspecials'}#

ALL_TABLES = {'editthis', 'gamepedias', 'gentoo', 'lxde', 'mediawikis', 'metapedias', 'neoseeker', 'opensuse', 'orain', 'pardus', 'referata', 'rodovid', 'scoutwiki', 'shoutwiki', 'sourceforge', 'uncyclomedia', 'w3cwikis', 'wikia', 'wikibooks', 'wikifur', 'wikinews', 'wikipedias', 'wikiquotes', 'wikisite', 'wikisources', 'wikitravel', 'wikiversity', 'wikivoyage', 'wikkii', 'wiktionaries', 'wmspecials'}#

FAMILY_MAPPING = {'wikipedia': 'wikipedias', 'wikiquote': 'wikiquotes', 'wikisource': 'wikisources', 'wiktionary': 'wiktionaries'}#

MISC_SITES_TABLE = 'mediawikis'#

OTHER_MULTILANG_TABLES = {'gentoo', 'lxde', 'metapedias', 'opensuse', 'pardus', 'rodovid', 'scoutwiki', 'uncyclomedia', 'wikifur', 'wikitravel'}#

OTHER_TABLES = {'editthis', 'gamepedias', 'neoseeker', 'orain', 'referata', 'shoutwiki', 'sourceforge', 'w3cwikis', 'wikia', 'wikisite', 'wikkii', 'wmspecials'}#

WMF_MULTILANG_TABLES = {'wikibooks', 'wikinews', 'wikipedias', 'wikiquotes', 'wikisources', 'wikiversity', 'wikivoyage', 'wiktionaries'}#

get(table)[source]#

Get a list of a table of data.

Parameters:: table (str) – table of data to fetch
Return type:: list

get_dict(table)[source]#

Get dictionary of a table of data.

Parameters:: table (str) – table of data to fetch
Return type:: dict

languages_by_size(table)[source]#

Return ordered list of languages by size from WikiStats.

Parameters:: table (str) –

sorted(table, key, reverse=None)[source]#

Reverse numerical sort of data.

Parameters:

table (str) – name of table of data
key (str) – data table key
reverse (bool | None) – If set to True the sorting order is reversed. If None the sorting order for numeric keys are reversed whereas alphanumeric keys are sorted in normal way.

Returns:

The sorted table

Return type:

list

data — Data Exchange#

data.api — MediaWiki API Requests#

data.memento — Memento Requests#

data.mysql — Mysql Requests#

data.sparql — SPARQL requests#

data.wikistats — WikiStats requests#

`data` — Data Exchange#

`data.api` — MediaWiki API Requests#

`data.memento` — Memento Requests#

`data.mysql` — Mysql Requests#

`data.sparql` — SPARQL requests#

`data.wikistats` — WikiStats requests#